Classroom Management

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Classroom Management

• Creating a Positive Learning Environment

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Why Effective Management

• Maximizes learning opportunities
• Discipline is more effective
• Guides students toward self-discipline
• Teacher is a guide, coordinator, and facilitator
  NOT a director
• Emphasizes student responsibility for learning

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What is Classroom Management?

• Its being prepared for class
• Its motivating your students
• Its providing a safe, comfortable learning
  environment
• Its building your students self esteem
• Unique in every classroom

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Affects on Management Styles

• Teaching styles affect management
• Teacher personalities
• Differing student populations

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Management Issues

• All teachers should design classrooms for optimal
  learning
• Create positive environments
• Establish and maintain rules
• Student cooperation
• Deal effectively with problems
• Use good communication strategies

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Elementary Issues

• Same students all day
• Same classroom with peers
• Interaction with the same people
• What can happen?
• Confinement
• Boredom

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Secondary Issues

• Confronted with a broader range of issues
• Spend lees time with students
• More difficult to establish personal
  relationships
• Get class moving more quickly
• Time management
• Infractions may be more severe
• Hallway issues make it into the classroom
• This happens every hour

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Whats Going On in the Classroom?

• Classrooms are multidimensional
• Many activities going on
• From academic to social
• Teachers keeping students on task
• Teachers keeping records
• Monitoring, collecting, reassigning, evaluating

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Whats Going On in the Classroom?

• Activities occur simultaneously
• Students performing a variety of tasks
• Socializing
• Students off task
• Working 1 on 1 with teacher
• Students picking on each other

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Whats Going On in the Classroom?

• Things happen quickly
• Require immediate response
• Students conflicts
• Disruptive behavior
• Student gets sick
• Student is defiant
• Bullying

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Whats Going On in the Classroom?

• Events are unpredictable
• Fire Alarm
• Student vomits
• Students get into a fight
• Students sneaks out
• Computer goes down
• Unexpected visitors

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Whats Going On in the Classroom?

• There is little privacy
• Public place
• Students observe how teachers handle
• Disruptions
• Discipline
• Unexpected events
• Frustration
• Students create perceptions about the teacher

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Whats Going On in the Classroom?

• Classrooms have histories
• Students remember
• Students talk to other students
• Remember discipline
• Remember how others were treated
• Teacher keeps promises
• Past affects the future

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The Right Start

• Take advantage of the new school year or term to
  set the stage for cooperation
• Be particularly prepared and organized
• Minimize transition time
• Utilize a communication style that establishing
  non-threatening, comfortable environment
• Clearly establish expectations for conduct

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The Right Start

• Gets students effectively engaged
• Take the time to establish expectations, rules
  and routines
• Go over each day for the 1st 3 weeks of school
• Helps makes sure your classroom runs efficiently
  and sets a foundation for a positive learning
  environment

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The Right Start

• Take advantage of the first days of class
• Establish an environment in which achieving
  specified learning goals takes priority over
  other concerns
• It is much easier to establish this environment
  from the beginning rather than later

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Positive Classroom Climate

• Use preventive, proactive strategies
• Avoid reactionary disciplinary approaches
• Place emphasis on guiding and structuring
  classroom activities
• Not emphasizing your disciplinary role
• Get students active in meaningful tasks
• Emphasize critical thinking, reflection, and
  cooperative learning
• Your classroom is a place of meaningful activity

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Management Strategies

• Assist students in spending more time on learning
• Maximize instructional time
• Increase learning time
• Minimize non-goal behavior

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Management Strategies

• Prevent students from developing problems
• Well managed class reduces academic and emotional
  problems from developing
• Students are
• busy
• challenged
• active and engaged
• motivated
• following the rules

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Classroom Arrangement

• 4 Basic Principles
• Dont create congestion in high use areas
• Make sure you can see all students
• Make often-used teaching materials and students
  supplies easy to get to
• Make sure all students can observe what you are
  doing

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Congestion

• Distraction and disruption often occur in
  high-use areas
• Group work areas, students desks, teachers
  desk, computer stations etc
• Separate the areas
• Make access easy

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See Everyone

• You must be able to carefully monitor students
• See all students at all times
• Clear line of sight
• Look for blind spots and eliminate them

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Access to Materials

• Minimizes preparation
• Minimizes confusion
• Minimizes clean-up time
• Reduces slowdown and breaks in activity time
• Maximizes learning time

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Student Observation

• Students need to see what is going on
• Students need to be able to observe whole-class
  presentations
• Should not have to move desks or stretch to see

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Classroom Arrangement Styles

• Before arranging, need to decide what
  instructional style will be used in the classroom
• Whole-class
• Small group
• Individual
• The physical arrangement needs to support the
  activities

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Arrangement

• Traditional Auditorium all students sit facing
  the teacher
• Allows for easy teacher movement, decreases
  student interaction good for lectures/presentation
  s
• Face to Face higher distraction
• Off-set 4 desks students do not sit directly
  across from each other good for cooperative
  learning

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Arrangement

• Seminar Style circular, square, U shaped
  arrangement good for student to student and
  teach to student interaction
• Cluster Style 4-8 students in a grouping
  effective for collaborative learning
• Clustering desks fosters student interaction

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Personalizing the Classroom

• Put student work up
• Classroom should reflect what is going on
• Who is in there
• What is being learned
• Creates a more personal and positive environment

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Positive Learning Environments

• Management Styles
• Authoritative
• Authoritarian
• Permissive

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Authoritative

• Teachers who use this style have students who
• Tend to be self-reliant
• Delay Gratification
• Get along well with peers
• Show high self esteem

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Authoritative Strategy

• Encourages students to be independent thinkers
• Independent doers
• Effective Teacher monitoring
• Teacher engages students in verbal give take
• Show a caring attitude
• Boundaries are set, rules and regulations are
  clarified
• Allows for student input

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Ineffective Strategies

• Authoritarian
• Restrictive and punitive
• Keep order
• Not instruction focused
• Firm limits and controls on student behavior
• Little verbal exchange
• Passive learners
• Not self initiating, poor communication skills

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Ineffective Strategies

• Permissive
• Considerable autonomy
• Little or no support for developing skills
• Little behavior management
• Low self-control
• Low academic abilities

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Rules and Procedures

• Must have clearly defined rules
• Students need to know expectations
• Rules Standards for behavior
• Procedures How things are done correctly in your
  classroom

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Tips About Rules and Procedures

• Should be reasonable and necessary
• Should be clear and easily comprehensible
• Consistent with instructional and learning goals
• Room rules should be consistent with school rules

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Student Cooperation

• Develop a positive relationship with students
• Develop a caring attitude
• Students need to fell safe and secure
• Fairly treated
• Good communication skills
• Atmosphere is relaxed and pleasent

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Responsibility and Reward

• Help establish rules
• Commitment to rules and procedures
• How can rewards be used effectively
• Choose effective reinforcers
• Use prompts and shaping
• Reward for mastery not compliance

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Good Communication

• Three keys to good communication
• Speaking skills
• Listening skills
• Nonverbal communication

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Speaking Skills

• Clearly communicate information
• Correct grammar
• Vocab they understand and appropriate
• Use strategies to improve student understanding
• Be precise
• Think logically
• Good pace

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Speaking Skills

• You an I messages
• Replace you messages with I messages
• You messages put people on the defensive
• You didnt follow through
• I dont like it when people dont follow through
• I messages are more constructive

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Speaking Skills

• Dealing with Conflict
• 4 styles
• Aggressive
• Manipulative
• Passive
• Assertive

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Speaking Skills

• Aggressive
• Abrasive, demanding, hostile, bullying,
  insensitive
• Manipulative
• Guilt trips, play the victim, martyr, get people
  to do things for them

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Speaking Skills

• Passive
• Nonassertive, submissive, dont express feelings,
  dont let people know what they want
• Assertive
• Express feelings, ask for what they want, say no,
  stand up for themselves, misbehavior be corrected

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Speaking Skills

• Barriers to effective communication
• Criticizing
• Name calling
• Advising
• Ordering
• Threatening
• Moralizing

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Listening Skills

• Active listening
• Giving full attention to the speaker
• Paraphrase what the speaker has said
• Synthesize themes and patterns
• Give good feedback

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Nonverbal Communication

• Facial expressions and eye contact smiling and
  good eye contact
• Touch use appropriately and courteously
• Space Students need their own space and respect
  others space
• Silence remain silent long enough for students
  to respond

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Problem Behaviors

• Management Strategies
• Minor interventions speaking out of turn,
  eating in class, leaving their seat without
  permission, being chatty
• Use nonverbal cues
• Redirect behavior
• Provide needed instruction
• Move closer to students (proximity)
• Give student a choice

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Problem Behaviors

• Management Strategies
• Moderate interventions- abuse priveledges,
  disruption, goofing, interfere with instruction,
  bothering other students work
• Deny or withhold activity
• Isolate or remove
• Impose a penalty
• ASD, recess detention

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Problem Behaviors

• Management Strategies
• Moderate interventions- abuse priveledges,
  disruption, goofing, interfere with instruction,
  bothering other students work
• Parent teacher call/email
• Peer mediation
• Find a mentor

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Problem Behaviors

• Management Strategies
• Aggression - Fighting, bullying, defiance
  hostility toward the teacher, stealing
• Fighting- depending on the age intervention, call
  for help, sharp verbal command of STOP,
  separate fighters, carry out school policy on
  fighting, let students cool off, get both points
  of view

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Problem Behaviors

• Management Strategies
• Aggression - Fighting, bullying, defiance
  hostility toward the teacher, stealing
• Bullying 1 in 3 students are bullied
• Bullying verbal or physical behavior intended to
  disturb someone less powerful
• Follow school sanctions
• Form friendship groups of bullied students
• Speak to parents

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Problem Behaviors

• Management Strategies
• Aggression - Fighting, bullying, defiance
  hostility toward the teacher
• Defiance and Hostility
• Defuse by keeping it private, handle student
  privately, depersonalize it to avoid power
  struggle, meet and spell out consequences
• In extreme cases have the student removed
• Above all else keep your composure and stay calm