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1
???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????
????????Structuralism in contemporary Arabic
critical reading

• ?????
• ????? ?.
• ??? ???????
• ???? ?????
• ?????????

2

• ????????
• ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???????
• ????? ?????? ?????? ????????
• ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????
• ?? ???? ??? ??????
• ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????????
• ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????
• ?? ???? ??????
• ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????
  ???????

3

• ????? ????????
• ????????? ??????? Russian Formalism
• ????? ?????? New Criticism
• ???????? Linguistics

4

• ??????? ?? ????? Ferdinand de Saussure
• ?????? ????????
• ??? ???????? ????????
• ??? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????
• ???? ??? ????? ???????
• ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????
• ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????
  ???????

• ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????
  ?????
• ????? ????? ??? ????? Signifier ?? ????? ???
  ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? Signified

5
????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? Roland
Barthes ???????? ????????????? Claude
Lévi-Strauss
6
????? ???????? ???????? ????????? Jack Lacan
???????? ???????? Michael Foucault
???????? ????????? Louis Althusser
7

• ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??
  ????
• ?? ???? ??????? (?????????) ?? ???????
• ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????
  ??????
• ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? - Barthes
  Roland
• ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??
  ???? ??????
• ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????????
  ?????
• ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????

8
???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????
??????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??
???? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ????
9
Terry Eagleton ??????? ??? ?????
??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ?????? ????
??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????.
????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????
??? ??? ???? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ???? ?????
???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????
??????? ????? ???? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ??????
?????? ??? ?????
10

• ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????
• (??????) ????? ????? ??? (??????) ????
• ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????
• ???? ??? ????? ?????
• ?????? ??? ????? ????? (????)
• ??????? ????? (????)
• ???? ??? ????? (??????) ??? ?????? (??????)
• (??????) ??? ?? ?????? (??????)
• ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
  (??????) ?(??????)
• ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??? (???)

11

• ???????? ????????? Genetic Structuralism
• ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????????
  ?????????

• ???? ???? ??????
• ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????????
  ??????????
• ?? ????? ??? ???????? ????????
• ???? ???????? ??????? Structures mentales
• ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????
• ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????????
  ??????????
• ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????????
  ?????? ????????

12
?????? ??????? Lucien Goldmann ???? ?????
????? ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????

• ????? ???????
• ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? La
  vision du monde
• ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????????
• ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????
  ?????????? ?????.
• ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????????
  ???????? ???????????
• ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?????????

13
???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????

• ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???
  ??????
• ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ???????
• ?? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??
  ????? ????? ?? ?? ????????
• ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????
• ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????
• ???? ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??
  ??????? ?? ??? ????????
• 
  ?????????? Deconstruction
• ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????
• ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????
• ???? ??? ?? ???
• ???? ????? ?? ??????
• ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????????

14
???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????

• ??? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?????
  ???????
• ????? ???? ???????? ??????? Auzias ??? 1972
  
• ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??
  ????????
• ????? ?????? 1976
• ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???????
  ????????

15
???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????
?????? 1977 ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ???????
????? ???????
??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????
????? ?? ??? ????? 1977 ?????? ????????
???????? ????? ???????
16
??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????
???? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????
????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????
?????? ?? ????? ?????? 1982
????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????
????? ?? ??????? ???????? 1984
17
???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????
???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????
???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??
????? 1979 ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????
???????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????
????? ??????? 1987
????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????
??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? 1960
????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????
1979
18
??? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ??
????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????
1985 ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???
???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????????
Deconstruction
???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??
?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? 1985
19
???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????

• ???????? ?????????
• ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????
  ??????
• ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? ????
  ??????? ??????? ???????
• ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????
• ???????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ??????
  ???????
• ???? ??? 1982 ???? ?????
• ???? ????? ????

20
???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????
?????? ????? ?????? ?????? 1972 ?????? ??????
????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????
???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????
??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? 1979
??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????
??????? ???? ???????
21

• ????? ?????
• ????? ?????? ?? ?????
• ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????????
• ????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????
• ?? ????? ???? 1983
• ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????
• ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????
• ??????? ???????? ????? ????

???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????
?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? 1987
22

• ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????
• ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????
• ????? ?????? ???????
• ???? ???? ???????
• ???? ???? ???? ???? ???????...?????? ??????
  ???????
• ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???????
• ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????????.. ??????
  ????????
• ????? ???? ??????? ??????
• ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????
  ?????????
• ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????

23
??????? ??????

• ??? ???? ??? ????? (2000)? "????? ?????? ??????
  ??????"? ???? ????? ?????? ?????
• ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????? ??
  ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? 2009
• ????? ????? (2003)? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????
  ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????
• ???? ????? (1998)? ????? ???????? ?? ?????
  ??????? ??????? ??? ??????
• Achutan, M., (2006), Paschatya Sahitya
  Darshanam, 2 ed, Kottayam DC Books
• Pokker, P.K., (2002), Darrida Apanirmanatinte
  Tatwachintakan, Thiruvananthapuram Bhasha
  Institute
• Raveendran, P.P., (1999), Adhunikanandaram
  Vicharam, Vayana, Thrissur Current Books

• http//alfawanis.com/
• http//alfaseeh.com/
• http//alhayat.com/culture/
• http//aljabriabed.net
• http//al-jazirah.com/culture/
• http//azzaman.com
• http//ar.wikipedia.com/