The Water Planet Lesson 1

1
The Water PlanetLesson 1

• Pages 526-534

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Essential Questions

1. Why is water important to life?
2. How is water distributed on Earth?
3. How is water cycled on Earth?

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Vocabulary

• Specific heat (pg. 529) the amount of thermal
  energy needed to raise the temperature of
  material by 1 degree Celsius.
• Hydrosphere (pg. 530) all the water on and
  below Earths surface and in the atmosphere
• Evaporation (pg. 531) the process of a liquid
  changing to a gas at the surface of the liquid.

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Vocab. Continued

• Condensation (pg. 531) the process of a gas
  changing to a liquid.
• Water cycle (pg. 532) the natural process by
  which water continually moves throughout the
  hydrosphere.
• Transpiration (pg. 533) evaporation of water
  from plants.

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Why is water important to life?

• Biological Functions
• Everything is made up of water
• It helps transport materials in a cell
• Helps plants with photosynthesis
• Helps regulate body temperature

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Why is water important to life?

• Warming Earth
• Water gasses are trapped in Earths atmosphere by
  the Greenhouse Effect
• This warms the Earth along with other gasses

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Why is water important to life?

• Keeping Earths Temperature Stable
• Water has a higher specific heat, balancing out
  other items such as sand
• Water vapor temperature changes slowly as well as
  large bodies of water
• Look at chart on page 529

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Water on Earth

• Distribution of Water on Earth
• 97 of water is in Earths oceans
• 3 is freshwater (not salty)
• - Freshwater can be found on the surface, in the
  ground, or icecaps and glaciers (figure 3 on page
  530)
• 1 is found in lakes, rivers, swamps and the
  atmosphere

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Water on Earth

• Structure of the Hydrosphere
• Includes all surface water, underground water,
  and water vapor

10
Water Changes State

• Water has three states liquid, solid, gas
• Thermal energy is either released or absorbed
  when changing states
• Thermal energy always move from higher to lower
  temperature

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Water Changes State

• Between Solid and Liquid
• When ice gains thermal energy, the water
  molecules gain energy and it melts
• When liquid loses thermal energy, the water
  molecules loose energy and it freezes

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Water Changes State

• Between Liquid and Gas
• As thermal energy is added to a liquid, the water
  molecules gain energy and evaporate
• Always happens at the surface of a liquid

13
The Water Cycle

• Driving the Water Cycle
• Two factors drive the water cycle gravity and
  the Sun
• Energy from the Sun causes water to evaporate
• Gravity moves water from higher to lower points
  on the surface

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The Water Cycle

• Evaporation
• Liquid changes into gas and enters the atmosphere
• Plants absorb water from the ground and when they
  have to much, they transpire release water vapor

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The Water Cycle

• Condensation and Precipitation
• Water in the atmosphere cools and condenses into
  a liquid
• Forms around particles of dust to form droplets
• Droplets combine to form clouds
• Fall to the ground as rain, snow, sleet or hail

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The Water Cycle

• Runoff and Storage
• Water from precipitation that flows over Earths
  surface
• Water flows downhill
• Runoff enters streams and rivers which flow into
  lakes and oceans
• Storage areas of extra water is called a
  reservoir lakes, glaciers, oceans, groundwater,
  and ice caps.

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Study Guide

• Why is the greenhouse effect important for Earth?
• What is the name for all of Earths water?
• Know how much water is found in freshwater and
  oceans.
• Where is water stored? Give examples.
• What is condensation? What does it produce?
• What three ways is water necessary for life?
• How does water help stabilize Earths
  temperature?
• Identify the different parts of the water cycle.
• What is the difference between evaporation and
  transpiration?