Introduction to Psychopathology

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Introduction to Psychopathology
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Medical Student Syndrome

• Takes on symptoms studying

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Famous People with Psycho-pathology

• Sylvia Plath
• Chris Sizemore (Eve)
• Richard Wagner
• Kurt Colbain
• Karen Carpenter
• Howard Hughes
• Ernest Hemingway
• Sir Winston Churchill
• Marilyn Munroe
• Vincent Van Gogh

• McKenzie King
• Anthony Hopkins
• J. Edgar Hoover
• Vincent Van Gogh
• John Nash
• Billy Holiday
• Hunter S. Thompson
• Robin Williams
• Ludwig von Beethoven
• Romeo Delaire

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Approaches to Abnormality

• Statistical Approach

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Approaches to Abnormality

• Statistical Approach
• Subjective Discomfort

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Approaches to Abnormality

• Statistical Approach
• Subjective Discomfort
• Maladaptive Functioning

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Approaches to Abnormality

• Statistical Approach
• Subjective Discomfort
• Maladaptive Functioning
• Harmful Dysfunction

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Harmful Dysfunction

• 1. Some internal mechanism is not performing
  normal function
• 2. Causes some harm

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Discrete or Continuous? Constant or Changing?
Normal
Abnormal
Normal
Abnormal
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Temporal Element
Normal
Abnormal
Childhood
Adulthood
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Behaviour Normally Distributed
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Abnormality is characterized by

• Distress
• causes person or others significant distress
• Dysfunction
• prevents person from functioning in daily life
• Deviance
• thoughts, behaviours, or feelings highly
  unusual

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The Human Face of Mental Health and Mental
Illness in Canada 2006

• Data come from
• Statistics Canada 2002 Canadian Community Health
  Survey Cycle 1.2 Mental Health and Well-being
• 2002-2003 Hospital Mental Health Database3
• 2004 Health Behaviours of School Children Survey

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Some of the Most Common Kinds of Psychopathology

• Depression (e.g., Major Depressive Episode)
• Anxiety (e.g., Social Phobia)
• Substance Dependence (e.g., Alcohol Dependence)

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Overview of Mental Health in Canada 2006

• 1 out of every 10 Canadians aged 15 and over, or
  about 2.7 million people, reported symptoms
  consistent with a mood or anxiety disorder, or
  alcohol or illicit drug dependence.
• 1 in 20 met the criteria for a mood disorder.
• 1 in 20 met the criteria for an anxiety disorder,
  either panic disorder, agoraphobia or social
  phobia.
• 1 in 50 met the criteria for moderate-risk or
  problem gambling.
• 1 in 30 met the criteria for substance dependence
  associated with either alcohol illicit drug use.

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Prevalence of Mood, Anxiety, or Substance Use
Disorder in Canada (Mental Health in Canada 2006)
Mood, Anxiety, Substance Disorder Total 11.1 Men 10.2 Women 11.7

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Prevalence of Mood, Anxiety, or Substance Use
Disorder in Canada (Mental Health in Canada 2006)
Disorders Total Prevalence in
Mood Disorders 5.3
Anxiety Disorders 4.8
Substance Use Disorders 3.1
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Impact of mental health problems in Canada

• Leading causes of disability in developed
  countries
• Economic Impact
• Health care cost (e.g., treatment,
  hospitalization)
• Productivity loss (e.g., sick leave)
• Estimated annual cost 15 billion in Canada,
  1 billion in BC
• Suicide is a significant risk for individuals
  with psychological disorders,
• e.g., depression, bipolar, schizophrenia,
  borderline
• personality disorder
• Impact on family stigma

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Misconceptions

• 1. A Person who has been mentally ill can never
  be normal

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Misconceptions

• 2. Even if some mentally ill persons return to
  normal, most dont and chronically ill people
  remain crazy

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Misconceptions

• 3. Persons with psychological problems are
  unpredictable

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Misconceptions

• 4. Mentally ill persons are dangerous and they
  can go berserk at any moment

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Misconceptions

• 5. Mentally ill people are deadbeats and misfits

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