GENERAL ORGANIZATION SKIN Dr. Mah Jabeen Muneera Assistant Professor Department of Anatomy KEMU

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GENERAL ORGANIZATION SKINDr. Mah Jabeen
MuneeraAssistant Professor Department of
AnatomyKEMU

• TERMS, PLANES, POSITIONS

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ANATOMICAL POSITION

• SIGNIFICANCE

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PLANES

• MEDIAN
• SAGITTAL
• CORONAL/ FRONTAL
• HORIZONTAL
• OBLIQUE

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TERMS

• ANTERIOR
• POSTERIOR
• VENTRAL
• DORSAL

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• MEDIAL
• LATERAL
• SUPERIOR
• INFERIOR
• CRANIAL
• CAUDAL

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• PROXIMAL
• DISTAL
• EXTERNAL
• INTERNAL
• SUPERFISCIAL
• DEEP
• COMBINED TERMS
• IPSILATERAL
• CONTRALATERAL

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FOR LIMBS

• RADIAL
• ULNAR
• TIBIAL
• FIBULAR
• PALMAR
• PLANTAR

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GENEARL ORGANIZATION

• CELL- basic unit of structure and function
• TISSUE

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BASIC TISSUES

• Similar structural functional characteristics
• Epithelium
• Connective Tissue
• Nervous Tissue
• Muscular Tissue

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• ORGAN
• SYSTEM
• ORGANISM

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INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

• Skin derivatives
• Hair
• Nail
• Muco-cutaneous junctions
• Associated glands
• Sweat glands
• Sebaceous glands
• Mammary glands

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• Skin covers body surface
• ext. auditary meatus
• Lat. Surface of ear drum
• vestibule of nose

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• 8 of total body mass
• Surface area 2.2m2
• Thickness varies, depending upon age and region

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STRUCTURE

• Epidermis
• Dermis

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LAYERS
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FUNCTIONS

• Self renewing interface
• Sensation
• Protection
• Temperature Regulation
• Control of water output
• Absorption
• Secretion
• Excretion
• Synthesis of vitamin D
• Storage
• pH regulation
• Repair after trauma
• Elasticity skin lines
• Social Communication
• Dermatoglyphics

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APPEARANCE

• Skin lines
• Complexion
• Thickness
• Reddish hue of vascularity
• Melanin
• Carotene

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• Distribution of hair
• Skin glands
• Changes due to maturation, ageing
• General state of health

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SKIN LINES

• TENSION LINES (LANGERs)
• Incision lines
• STRETCH MARKS
• WRINKLES
• DERMATOGLYPHICS
• OCCUPATIONAL
• FLEXURE LINES JOINT LINES

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SUPERFICIAL FASCIA

• Loose connective tissue
• Adipose tissue
• Distribution varies
• Contours
• insulation

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DEEP FASCIA

• Thick connective tissue
• Binds superfiscial fascia with underlying tissues
• Invests structures muscles, nerves, blood
  vessels
• Sends partitions

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CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

• Information tells clinician about HOW WHERE the
  fluids e.g. pus will track
• Lymphatics follow the plane of fascia, knowledge
  is important in malignancies