THE PASSIVE VOICE

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THE PASSIVE VOICE
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Table of contents

• 1 What is the passive voice?
• 2. The passive endings
• 3. First conjugation
• 4. Second conjugation
• 5. Third conjugation
• 6. Fourth conjugation

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In the active voice, the subjectPERFORMS THE
ACTION of the verb.
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Mures placentam portant.
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(The mice carry the cake.)
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In the passive voice, the subject is ACTED UPON
by the verb.
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Placenta a muribus portatur.
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(The cake is carried by the mice.)
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In Latin, there are special endings to show that
the verbs are in the passive voice!
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First, lets review the ACTIVE endings.
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Present Active is verbing
1st 2nd 3rd 3rd -io 4th
1 porto moneo ago capio audio
2 portas mones agis capis audis
3 portat monet agit capit audit
1 portamus monemus agimus capimus audimus
2 portatis monetis agitis capitis auditis
3 portant monent agunt capiunt audiunt
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Imperfect Active was verbing
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
1 mandabam tenebam ducebam feriebam
2 mandabas tenebas ducebas feriebas
3 mandabat tenebat ducebat feriebat
1 mandabamus tenebamus ducebamus feriebamus
2 mandabatis tenebatis ducebatis feriebatis
3 mandabant tenebant ducebant feriebant
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Now well look at the passive voice endings
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First conjugation

• long a verbs

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portare--passive voice

• portor
• portaris
• portatur

• portamur
• portamini
• portantur

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Second conjugation

• long e verbs

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tenere--passive voice

• teneor
• teneris
• tenetur

• tenemur
• tenemini
• tenentur

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Third Conjugation

• the short E verbs

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ducere--passive voice

• ducor
• duceris
• ducitur

• ducimur
• ducimini
• ducuntur

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Third Conjugation

• -io verbs

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capere--passive voice

• capior
• caperis
• capitur

• capimur
• capimini
• capiuntur

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Fourth Conjugation

• long i verbs

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audire--passive voice

• audior
• audiris
• auditur

• audimur
• audimini
• audiuntur

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Present Passive is being verbed
1st 2nd 3rd 3rd -io 4th
1 portor moneor agor capior audior
2 portaris moneris ageris caperis audiris
3 portatur monetur agitur capitur auditur
1 portamur monemur agimur capimur audimur
2 portamini monemini agimini capimini audimini
3 portantur monentur aguntur capiuntur audiuntur
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Imperfect Passivewas being verbed
1st 2nd 3rd 4th
1 mandabar tenebar ducebar feriebar
2 mandabaris tenebaris ducebaris feriebaris
3 mandabatur tenebatur ducebatur feriebatur
1 mandabamur tenebamur ducebamur feriebamur
2 mandabamini tenebamini ducebamini feriebamini
3 mandabantur tenebantur ducebantur feriebantur
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Now, lets look at some active and passive verb
situations
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Puella aquam potat.
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Aqua a puella potatur.
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Viri carmen cantant.
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Carmen a viribus cantatur.
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Vir panem vendit.
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Panis a viro venditur
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FINIS