IFSTA 4th Edition

1
IFSTA 4th Edition

• Chapter 15
• Fire detection, Alarm and Suppression Systems
• Automatic Sprinkler Systems (pages 571 - 584)
• March 30, 2000

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Automatic Sprinkler Systems

• What are we going to review ?
• Sprinkler system basics
• Components
• Control operating valves
• Water supply and fire department connections
• Sprinkler system applications
• Fire in protected properties
• Field trip

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Sprinkler System Basics

• Series of sprinklers arranged to automatically
  distribute a sufficient quantity of water
  directly on to a fire to either extinguish or
  control it until the fire service arrives
• Water is supplied to sprinklers through a piping
  system

4
Design Criteria

• Enforce 1998 BC Building Code Langley City
  Building Bylaw 2033
• Utilize NFPA 13, 13R 13D standards
• Standards provide guidelines for
• Sprinkler spacing types used
• Pipe size
• Hazard classification .

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Effects on Life Safety

• Discharges water directly on fire during
  incipient stage limits combustion products
• Prevents fire spread from point of origin

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Sprinkler System Components

• Water main
• Control valve
• Riser includes sprinkler valve or flow switch,
  FDC, main drain, gauges, water flow alarm
• Feed main, cross mains, branch lines
• Pipe hangars, sprinklers, inspectors test valve
  

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Sprinklers

• Definition A fixed spray nozzle operated
  individually by a thermal detector
• Commonly identified by temperature rating ( refer
  to table 15.1 in IFSTA )

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Sprinkler Release Mechanisms

• 3 commonly used are
• Fusible link
• Frangible bulbs
• Chemical pellets

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Sprinkler Positions

• 3 basic positions are
• Pendant
• Upright
• Sidewall

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Sprinkler System Control Valves

• 4 main control valve types
• Outside screw yoke (OSY)
• Post indicator valve (PIV)
• Wall post indicator valve (WPIV)
• Post indicator valve assembly (PIVA)

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Sprinkler System Operating Valves

• Operating valves include
• Alarm test valve
• Inspectors test valve
• Main drain valve

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Water Flow Alarms

• Sprinkler water flow alarms are operated either
• Hydraulically
• Or
• Electrically

13
Sprinkler System Applications

• Wet pipe
• Dry pipe
• Preaction
• Deluge

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Wet Pipe Systems

• Oldest most reliable type minimum maintenance
• Used in areas not subject to freezing
• Water in system at all times

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Dry Pipe Systems

• Used in locations where pipes may freeze (eg.
  parkades)
• Air under pressure replaces water in pipes

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Preaction System

• Dry system - utilized when it is important to
  prevent water damage to stock etc.
• Closed sprinklers and independent fire detection
  devices installed

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Deluge System

• Utilizes open sprinkler heads to protect extra
  hazardous occupancies (eg. Butane tank _at_ CKF)
• Activation of deluge valve controlled by
  independent heat detecting devices

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Fires in Protected Properties Factors to
Consider

• Maximum effort to supply adequate water supply to
  sprinkler system 1st or 2nd in pumper to
  connect to FDC
• Ensure sprinkler system control valves stay open
  maintain pressure in system
• Restore system ASAP Qualified technician only

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LCFRS OG 2.01

• Response to structures with built-in fire
  protection systems
• Working fire - 1st in pumper to lay lines from
  hydrant to FDC
• Deliver 150 psi in to the system
• Maintain until fire is suppressed and officer
  orders shutdown
• Mitigate water damage

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Sprinkler System Failures

• Partially or completely closed valve
• Disruption to municipal water supply
• Damaged or painted over sprinklers
• Frozen or broken pipes
• Excess debris or sediment in pipes
• Failure of a secondary water supply
• Tampering or vandalism

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Advantages of Automatic Sprinkler Systems

• Most reliable
• Most effective control 96 of fire in
  sprinklered buildings
• Less business interruption
• Less water damage
• Enhances life safety public firefighters
• Reduced insurance costs

22
Questions ??? and field trip to Bayberry Lane 2
Apts - 20896-57 Ave