Title: Chapter 26: The Great Depression and the New Deal Section 1: Hoover and the Crash Section 2: Roosevelt and the New Deal
1Chapter 26 The Great Depression and the New
DealSection 1 Hoover and the CrashSection 2
Roosevelt and the New Deal
1-3
C
2Herbert Hoover became president in 1828
- But. he became president at a time where America
was just starting to have some money issues. - Businesses had made so much stuff that they
couldnt sell it all and they even had to lay
off some workers. - Some people were buying so much stuff on credit
that theyd never be able to pay off their bills. - Stock market prices were rising and people rushed
to buy stocks (stocks dont always keep going up
and if theyve gone up they might be coming back
down some).
4
C
3A little 1920s stock market crash timeline
- September 3rd, 1929 Stock values reached a high
point. - Prices then went downward.
- On October 23rd prices dropped a lot and people
started to try and sell. - The falling prices scared buyers who thought they
might drop even more. - October 24th a record number of shares was
traded. - By October 29th, Black Tuesday, investors sold
even more stocks at low prices. This was called
the Crash of 1929. - Banks began to demand that people pay back the
money they had borrowed to buy the stocks. - Banks ran short of money to give people to repay
their loans. - Many banks did not have enough cash on hand to
pay back their customers and closed. - Businesses sold less and less because people just
didnt have any money. - Many businesses laid off workers.
- Thousands of people lost their jobs and millions
went hungry
C
4The Dow Jones in 1929
The Dow-Jones is an index that shows how 30 large
publicly owned companies based in the United
States have traded during a standard trading
session in the stock market.
C
5C
6C
7C
8America had other depressions, but none had this
much suffering and lasted this long, so its
called
- The Great Depression
- It also affected millions of people around the
world
5
C
9C
10C
11More pictures of this time
C
12Now you would think President Hoover would do
everything he could to help out, but
- He believed in rugged individualism
- He didnt support the idea of government support
for the poor what we call social welfare. - He wanted volunteers to help other people.
- One thing Hoover tried to balance the federal
budget by cutting government spending and raising
taxes, but that pulled more money out of the
economy and actually made things worse. - People blamed him for everything that went bad.
6
C
13Hoover Hog / Hoover Blanket / Hooverville /
Hoover Flag
C
14By 1932, millions of people lacked food and
shelter and it was time for a presidential
election
- You dont really know him, but does Herbert
Hoover seem like the guy youd want running
things 4 more years? - The country felt the same way and elected
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
C
15Right away he did some things to help out
- He told the country the only thing we have to
fear. is fear itself. - He declared a bank holiday and closed all the
banks. - He promised only safe and secure banks would be
allowed to re-open. - He kept letting the country know things would be
okay he even had fireside chats
7
C
16One way a lot of presidents get judges is by what
they do in their first 100 days in office
- That goes back to FDR and all the things he tried
to do right away.
C
17Roosevelt also promised a New Deal for
Americans
- Relief for the hungry and jobless.
- Recovery for agriculture and industry.
- Reform to change the way the economy worked.
8
C
18Some FDR personal information
- He was a distant cousin of Teddy Roosevelt (4th).
- He was married to his cousin.
- (5th cousin).
- When he was 39 he caught polio .
- For the rest of his life he walked with canes, or
rode in a wheelchair. - Most people didnt even know.
C
19Anna Eleanor Roosevelt
- One of the more active wives of a president
- A symbol of strength in women of the time
C
20FDR started many new programs to help out (some
still affect us today)
C
21Programs Accomplishments
PWA (Public Works Administration) Created jobs by having people build highways, bridges and public works
TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) Planned development of the Tennessee Valley Region (including a dam)
CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps) Hired young men to plant trees, build dams, and work on other conservation projects
FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) Protected the money of depositors in insured banks
WPA (Works Progress Administration) Established large scale national works programs to create jobs
NYA National Youth Administration) Set up programs for young people people and helped them continue their education
Social Security Act Provided workers with unemployment insurance and retirement benefits.
C
22Roosevelt wasnt perfect in everything he did.
- There were some people that didnt like that he
used deficit spending. - Spending money they didnt have yet.
9
C
23People escaped through entertainment
C
24This entertainment was often not realistic
C
25 Movies
C
26C
27Radio
C
28Swing
10-11
C