The Multicultural Society

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Unit 4 The Multicultural Society
America As a Collage
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• 1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to
  have begun in _____.
• A. 1607 B. 1620 C. 1744 D. 1776
• 2. The American War of Independence started in
  _____ and ended in _____.
• A. 1776, 1784 B. 1775, 1783 C. 1706, 1714
• 3 The statue of liberty was given to American
  people by_______ as a gift in 1884.
• A. Spain B. France C .Italy D
  .Britain

A
C
B
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• ???? ???1812???????(????????)???????????????,???
  ????,?????????????????,????????????????????????
  ???U.S.???? U.S.???????,??????????
• ?????,???????????????????????????????????,?????
  ??,???????????????? ???,????????????,????????????
  ?
• ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????????????????,?????
  1961?,?????????????????????

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1. Para.15
2. Para 7 and 8, the green sentences.
3. Para.8, Line 36-38. America is becoming.
4. Para.18.
5. Para.21, Line 97-100. In 1924, .if not
   anthropological sense.
6. Para. 21, Line 102-104. From the perspective of .

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Preface

• Whole paragraph translation
• ?????????????????????
• ???????,???????????????????????????
• ???????,????????

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Reading Comprehension of PART I

• Paragraph 1
• America is a complex place in that it is full of
  _____, ______, _______, ______, _________.
• Paragraph 2
• The author thinks vast regions of the planet are
  ________, ________ _____ any movement.
• Paragraph 3
• Paul Kennedy thinks America is bound to
  ___________. Does the author share his view?

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• Paragraph 4
• In what sense the Euro-centered American nation
  is declining?
• What is the vast Pacific collage?
• Paragraph 5
• What is the characteristic of the new
  civilization?
• Part One
• America is not _________, but is in the process
  of creating new a collage-like ________.

declining
civilization
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Language points of Part One

• in decline
• ?????????,?????????????
• If something is / on the decline/ falling into
  decline, it is slowly growing weaker or worse.

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• 2. characteristic vs. feature
• characteristic ?? ?????????????????????????,?
  The nationalities in China have all retained
  their special national characteristics.
• feature ??,?? ????????,?????(????????????)????,??
  ?????????????,?
• Her dancing eyes are her most attractive
  features.
• The most outstanding national feature is the
  language.

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• 3. paralyze
• ?????????????
• The accident left her d in both legs.
• 4. inevitably
• ??????????????
• , a quarrel followed between two sides.
• 5. historic vs. historical

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• 1) He is now the editor of a journal of _________
  studies.
• 2) This conference is of _________ significance.
• 3) The ____________ May 4th Movement took place
  in Beijing in 1919.
• 4) The book is based on ___________ events, not
  coined.
• historic????????????????,???????
• historical ????????????,????????,???????,???????

historical
historic
historic
historical
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• 6. 1) When I moved a to a new house, I ________
  all my old furniture to some fellow teachers.
• 2) The deadline for you to _________ your
  homework is next Tuesday.
• 3) When would you ________ doing things in that
  way?
• 4) O.K. Thats enough. I dont want to argue with
  you any more. I _____________.
• 5) With the improvement of living standard, fans
  have ______________ air conditioners in many
  houses.
• 6) After a heated debate, she __________ his
  views.

gave away
give in
give up
give myself up
given way to
gave in to
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• 7. have a /the sense that believe reckon
• ???????????????????????
• We have the sense that one months preparation is
  far from enough if we want to accomplish the
  project.
• 8. historically speaking p124
• ????????,????????,??,???????????,??????????????,??
  ????????????????????????????

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Pluralism

• Pluralism refers to the acceptance of many
  different groups in society or many different
  schools of thought in an intellectual or cultural
  discipline.
• Although Americas culture is becoming
  more uniform, its society remains a diverse mix
  of ethnic, racial, and religious groups. The US
  is a pluralistic society, meaning it is composed
  of many nationalities, races,

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• religions, and creeds. Some of the people who
  immigrated to America embraced the opportunity to
  leave old cultures behind and to remake
  themselves unencumbered by past traditions and
  and loyalties. Others found that the liberties
  promised under the Bill of Rights allowed for
  distinctiveness rather than uniformity, and they
  have taken pride in preserving and celebrating
  their origins. Many Americans find that pluralism
  adds to the richness and strength of the nations
  culture.

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• 10. leave behind
• ?????????,?????,??????????????
• No matter what was going on at work, I was always
  able to the concerns of the office.
• 11. mentality
• ?????????????
• He has many years' experience of the criminal
  mentality.

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1. ??????????????????????????????
2. ?????
3. ???????????
4. ?????,??????????????????????
5. ?????????????????????????????????????????????

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Reading Comprehension of PART II

• Paragraph 7
• What are the characteristics of the civilization
  exemplified by Los Angeles?
• Its a _________ and ___________ society a
  ________________civilization, being
  simultaneously created by so many _____,
  _________ and _____________.
• Paragraph 8
• Why America is becoming more plural?

multiracial
multicultural
new/unprecedented
races
cultures
nationalities
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• Paragraph 9
• Is English the main language among the diverse
  communities in Los Angeles?
• Paragraph 10
• Whats the general trend of the composition of
  mankind?
• The majority will be ___________________ or
  __________________, in the neighborhood of
  _______.
• The ___________ will be the white race, no more
  than ________.

the non-white races
the dark-skinned
90
minority
11
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• Paragraphs 1112
• In the ____________, ____________ high-technology
  parks of northern Orange County, there used to be
  only________ _________, but now there is a 500
  million personal computer company, with branches
  in Hong Kong and Taiwan, founded by three young
  ___________.
• Paragraph 13
• Whats the culture of the work force in this
  company?
• Its a ________ of Hispanic-Catholic _______
  _________ and Asian-Confucian _________ _________.

ultraclean
landscaped
strawberry fields
immigrants
mix
family
values
group
loyalty
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• Paragraph 14
• In Los Angeles, _______ _______ ______ ________
  are fusing with the most ________ ____________
  and _____________.
• Paragraph 15
• What used to be the character of the contact
  between developed and underdeveloped worlds?
• Paragraph 16
• What is the character of the new relationship in
  terms of new civilization?

traditional Third World
cultures
modern
technologies
mentalities
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• Paragraphs 19
• What is considered a key revolution of
  development?
• Paragraphs 20
• How do we understand arithmetical time?
• Paragraph 21
• In what sense, all the races on the planet would
  merge into one type of man?
• Main idea
• ______________ is a good example of such a
  __________.

Los Angeles
collage
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Language points of Part Two

• Linked more .
• ???????? ??????????? ????????????????
  ????,???????????????????21???

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• 2. America is becoming
• ?????????????????????????????????????,????????????
  
• 3. migrate, migrant, immigrant, emigrant
• He said he was an __________ from Russia.
• There are numerous European __________ into the
  U.S.
• Some birds will __________ to warmer places when
  winter is coming.
• Recently there are a strikingly increasing number
  of rural ___________ to cities.

emigrant
immigrants
migrate
migrants
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• migrant??,immigrant???,??????emigrant?ex???(out)
  ???,?????,??????????
• He emigrated from Russia to the United States.
• He immigrated to the United States from Russia.
• In Russia, he's an emigrant.
• In the United States, he's an immigrant.

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• 4. It is adj./n. (doing sth.) (for sb.) to do.
• Exercise 1, Page 125.

Laotian Vietnamese Cambodian Mexican Salvadoran Gu
atemalan Iranian Armenian
San Salvador Vientiane Phnom Penh Teheran
Hanoi Ciudad de México Erevan Guatemala City
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• 5. anticipate
• ?????????, ????????.
• Anticipating that it would soon be dark, they all
  took torches.
• 6. ultra-
• ?? ?? ultra-conservative, ultra-fashionable.
• ?????????? ultraviolet, ultra-high.

ultrasonic??? ultrasonics??? ultrasound??? ultr
a-right???????? ultraviolet????
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• exploitation
• ????????????????????
• The capitalist system reposes on the exploitation
  of the laboring people.
• merge (with/into sth) (together) A with
  B/ A and B (together)
• ?????????????????????.
• We can merge our two small businesses (together)
  into one larger one.

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• merge emerge submerge emergence emergency
• 1)The college has been ________ into a
  university.
• 2)I saw the submarine __________.
• 3)The two rivers _________at a small town.
• 4)The moon _________ from behind the dark clouds.
• 5)The land was ___________ by the flood.
• 6)He ____________ as leader at the age of 30.
• 7)The ____________ of the cobra frightened
  everybody present.
• 8)You can only use this door in an ____________.

merged
submerging
merge
emerged
submerged
merged
emergence
emergency
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• conception
• ????????????, ??????????.
• The plan, brilliant in its conception, failed
  because of inadequate preparation.
• For the destructive
• What kind of possibility?
• ??????????????????????????,????,??????????????????
  ???

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• 11. show up
• ??????????????
• The American ambassador didn't for nearly eight
  months.
• 12. offend
• ???, ?????????????????
• She may be offended if you don't reply to her
  invitation.

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• 13. in the sense as far as is concerned in
  the case of
• ???????,????????
• In the academic sense, this article is not well
  written.
• In 1924, .
• 1924?,??????????????????????,????????????????????
  ???????????????,???????????,????????????????

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• 14. from the perspective of
• ????????,??????????????????
• the environment, the local governments
  economic policies are destructive rather than
  constructive.
• ??????????????????,???????,??????????????

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• 15. be in harmony
• harmonious (adj.)
• harmonize (vt.)
• The family lives _____________.
• The family lives in ___________.
• The family lives a ____________ life.
• The family _____________ in daily life.

harmoniously
harmony
harmonious
harmonize
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1. ???????
2. ???????????????????
3. ?????????????
4. ?????????????
5. ????????????????,????????
6. ??????????????????????????????
7. ?????????????????
8. ?????????

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Reading Comprehension of PART III

• Main Idea
• There is something in America that act as
  ______ to piece different parts together to
  make the American collage the ______ _______
  _____.

glue
chance
to
try
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• v./n. to do Exercise 2, Page 126.
• 2. essential
• basic, fundamental, main, staple, key, foremost,
  elementary, rudimental
• combination
• ??????????????????.
• The firm is working on a new product in with
  several overseas partners.
• ?????????????, ????.
• The architecture in the town centre is a
  successful of old and new.

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• ???????????????????????????,????????????????,?????
  ????????????
• The Olympic sports communities should embody the
  of Olympic sports culture and community
  culture, the of the Olympic spirit and the
  community human spirit, and the of Olympic
  sports activities and the community life.
• 4. mobility
• ??????????????????
• A private car gives a much greater degree of
  comfort and .

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• stagnant
• ??????????
• During the summer, business is often .
• ????,???????????????????????????
• By comparison, their own shallow life, their
  days, were becoming unbearable.

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1. ?????????????
2. ????,????????????,?????,??????????
3. ?????????,?????????
4. ??????????
5. ?????????

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Comprehension of the whole text

• What do they represent in the text?

Los Angeles
A new civilization
A PC company in Orange County
A fusion of the Third World cultures with the
most modern mentalities and technologies.
A person born in Los Angeles
A citizen of the world
America in the eyes of immigrants
A place where you always have a chance to try.
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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• Vocabulary (Page 120)
• I.1. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases
  from the box. Change the form where necessary.
• 1) plural 2) debt
• 3) thesis 4) inevitable
• 5) historical 6) precedents
• 7) constructive 8) destructive
• 9) ethnic 10) combination

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• Vocabulary (Page 120)
• I.1. Fill in the blanks with words or phrases
  from the box. Change the form where necessary.
• 11) stagnant
• 12) destiny
• 13) discourage
• 14) from the perspective of
• 15) in the (medical) sense

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• I.2. Use the word in brackets to form an
  appropriate phrasal verb you have learned and
  replace with it the italicized part in each of
  the following sentences
• 1) leave behind 2) show up
• 3) go over 4) knock off
• 5) Leave (them) alone 6) fading away
• 7) took in 8) keep up with

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• I. 3. Rewrite each sentence with words in
  brackets, keeping the same meaning.
• 1) Cooperation between nurse and patient is
  essential for infection in the hospital to be
  kept effectively under control.
• 2) Chinese people in ancient times had a sense
  that their country was at the center of the world
  and so called it the Middle Kingdom.

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• I. 3.
• 3) A strong network of mentors, women and men,
  has helped me at various stages in my career.
• 4) We need to have/develop a conception of
  ourselves in the universe not as the master
  species but as the servant species as the one
  being given responsibility for the whole and for
  the good of the whole.
• 5) We have cut the remark out of the program
  lest it should offend the listeners.

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• I. 3. Complete the following sentences, using the
  words or phrases in brackets. Make additions or
  changes where necessary.
• 1) in decline mentality paralyzing
• 2) the characteristics an immigrant
• unbelievable
• 3) a religion cooperation with submerge

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• II. Confusable Words
• Now put a proper word into each gap in the
  following sentences. In some cases, more than one
  choice is possible, though one choice may be
  preferable to the other.
• 1) like/as 2) as
• 3) like 4) like/as
• 5) as/like 6) as
• 7) like 8) as
• III. Usage (Omitted)

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• Structure
• 1. Study the model and rewrite the following
  sentences using the structure It is adj.
  v-ing
• 1) It is very useful knowing several foreign
  languages when you are traveling abroad.
• 2) It is quite futile to reason with him---he
  just wont listen.
• 3) Its funny watching Granny dancing such a
  lively dance.
• 4) It is nice working with her.

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• Structure
• 2. Study the model and complete the following
  sentences by translating the Chinese into
  English
• 1) The story strengthens his determination to
  realize his ideals.
• 2) I read P. L. Fermors classic and felt a
  desire to follow his footsteps.
• 3) They reached a decision to walk back.
• 4) Nothing is more damaging than failure to
  properly educate its children.

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• Comprehensive Exercises
• I. Cloze (A)
• 1. on the decline 2. historical
• 3. for the first time 4. mentality
• 5. essential 6. discouraged
• 7. destiny 8. immigrants
• 9. ethnic 10. combination

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• Comprehensive Exercises
• I. Cloze (B)
• 1. born 2. about 3. against
• 4. because 5. Only 6. would
• 7. then 8. not 9. time
• 10. if 11. come 12. ones
• 13. raised/born 14. here
• 15. so/therefore 16. both
• 17. to

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• II. Translation
• Professor Huntingtons paper greatly
  inspired me. According to him, in a pluralistic
  society, there will inevitably be different
  opinions. The key is to deal with them in such a
  way that they can play a constructive rather than
  destructive role.
• He argues that in a pluralistic society
  we must stress/attach importance to interpersonal
  relationships, cooperation, and looking at

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Key to Exercises Language Focus

• issues from the perspective of other people.
  If some groups regard themselves as superior and
  treat other ethnic groups or religions with
  disrespect, the whole society may be paralyzed.
• I am convinced that if we put into
  practice the ideas mentioned above, then there is
  the possibility of creating a new civilization.

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Text B Whats American about America?

• Comprehension Check
• 1. C
• 2. B
• 3. C
• 4. D
• 5. A
• 6. C
• Translation (Omitted)

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Text B Whats American about America?

• Language Practice
• 1. ethnic 2. memorial
• 3. dwell 4. mysterious
• 5. Contrary 6. blur
• 7. presumably 8. was dwarfed
• 9. originate 10. applaud
• 11. derive 12. category
• 13. shortly after 14. misery
• 15. entity 16. streak
• 17. live on 18. lead to
• 19. in exile 20. what of

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• About the Author Ryzsard Kapuscinski

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• About the Author Ryzsard Kapuscinski

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Multiculturalism

• Multiculturalism is a concept with many
  meanings. But it often refers to acceptance of
  immigrant and minority groups as distinct
  communities, distinguishable from the majority
  population. Like bilingualism, multiculturalism
  provokes debate. Advocated of multiculturalism
  believe that members of minority groups should
  enjoy equal rights in American society without
  giving up their diverse ethnic cultures.

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Multiculturalism

• Multicultural education programs, for instance,
  strive to teach the content of different
  cultures, to build tolerance of these cultures,
  and to eliminate discrimination. The hope is to
  enable students to understand how other cultures
  view the world. Multiculturalists reject the idea
  of a melting pot and assimilation they dismiss
  the idea that national identity must be based on
  a common heritage and values.
• Critics argue that multicultural education

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Multiculturalism

• creates conflict among groups more than it
  fosters tolerance of one group for another.
  Cultural pluralism, critics contend, promotes
  rivalry and divisions. Moreover, they assert,
  European traditions remain central to American
  culture and institutions. Some critics find
  multiculturalism a token gesture designed to hid
  continuing domination of American culture by the
  majority group. Others argue that recognition of
  cultural differences and group identities does
  not help address social and economic
  disadvantages.

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USA A nation of immigration

• Although the US has been shaped by
  successive waves of immigrants, Americans have
  often viewed immigration as a problem.
  Established Americans often look down on new
  immigrants. The cultural habits of immigrants
  are frequently targets of established community.
  Despite such tensions,economic needs have always
  forced Americans to seek immigrants as laborers
  and settlers, and economic opportunities have
  beckoned foreigners. The vast majority of
  immigrants to the US have come in search of jobs
  and the chance to create a better life for
  themselves and their families.

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USA A nation of immigration

• In all of American history, less than 10 percent
  of immigrants have come for political or
  religious reasons.
• Economic immigrants from Europe, Asia, and
  Latin America have come to the US voluntarily.
  Others, most notably African Americans, were
  involuntarily transported to North America to do
  forced labor or to be sold as slaves. They were
  often treated with disdain until they assimilate
  or adopt the mainstream American culture
  established by earlier immigrants.

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USA A nation of immigration

• Although immigrants are expected to
  absorb the beliefs and standards of the dominant
  society, most immigrant groups try to maintain
  their own cultural heritage, and religious
  practices.
• Traditionally the US has been described
  as a melting pot, a place where the previous
  identities of each immigrant group are melted
  down to create an integrated, uniform society.
  Since the 1960s, many Americans have rejected the
  melting pot metaphor in favor of

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USA A nation of immigration

• The image of the mosaic, a picture created by
  assembling many small stones or tiles, each of
  which retains its own distinctive identity.
  People believe that collage or a mosaic better
  represents the diverse multicultural society of
  the USA.

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Population of Los Angeles
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Population of Los Angeles
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Population of Los Angeles
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Comprehension of the whole text

• Decide whether the following are True or False?
• 1. By a new Pacific Civilization, the author
  means that the nations of the Pacific Rim,
  including America, become one nation with diverse
  cultures.
• (F) The author means that all the cultures
  of the Pacific Rim fuse with each other to create
  a new civilization of openness and pluralism.

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Comprehension of the whole text

• 2. LA is mentioned as a premonition of the new
  Pacific civilization because its residents of
  diverse racial and cultural origins make it a
  closer link with the Third World and Asian than
  with Europe.
• (T)
• 3. In LA, the relationship between the
  development and underdevelopment is cooperation
  and construction.
• (T)

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Comprehension of the whole text

• 4. In LA, in large communities of the Third World
  cultures, people all speak English.
• (F) In LA, in large communities of the Third
  World cultures, people all speak different
  languages.
• 5. In LA, the Third World cultures have to adjust
  their traditional concept of time.
• (T)

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Comprehension of the whole text

• 6. At the beginning of the 21st century, the
  majority of the American population will be
  dark-skinned.
• (F) At the beginning of the 21st century, the
  majority of the world population will be
  dark-skinned.
• 7. Immigrants are attracted to America mainly for
  the better life.
• (F) Immigrants are attracted to America mainly
  for the chance to try.