Phylum%20Cnidaria - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: Phylum%20Cnidaria


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Phylum Cnidaria
?.????
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Phylum Cnidaria

• ????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????????????????????? ????????? radial symmetry
• ???????????????? cnidocyte (knide
  ??????????????? aria ??????????)
• ???????????? 2 ??????? epidermis ??? endodermis
  ???????????????????? (mesoglea)
• ???????????????????????????? (nerve net)
• ??????????????? ?????? gastrovascular cavity
  ?????????
• ??????????????????? 2 ?????? polyp ??? medusa
• ??????? 95 ??????????

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Radial symmetry
Oral disc
4
???????

• Cnidaria ???????????????? 2 ??????
• Polypoid type
• ????????? ???????????
• Oral disc ?????????????????????
• hypostome ?????????????????? ????? tentacle
  ??????????????????
• Basal disc ??????????????

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• 2. Medusoid type
• ????????????????????
• ???????????????? exumbrella
• ??????????????????? subumbrella
• ?????????????????????? manubrium
  ?????????????????????? (oral)
• ????????? tentacle ?????????

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Diploblastica

• ???????????? 2 ??????? epidermis ??? endodermis
  ????????????? mesoglea ???????????????????
• ?????? epidermis ??? endodermis
  ???????????????????????????????????????? ??????

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• Epitheliomuscular cell
• ??????????? ??????????????????????? epidermis
  ?????????? endodermis ????????????????????????????
  ????? nutritive cell

• 2. Interstitial cell
• ?????????????????????????????????
  epitheliomuscular cell
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????? cnidocyte, sex cell ???????

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Gastrovascular cavity
Nutritive cell
Mesoglea
Epitheliomuscular cell
Interstitial cell
Cnidocyte
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3. Cnidocyte

• ????????????????????????????????????????
• ?????????? interstitial cell
• ????????????????? ?????????????????
• Cnidocil ?????????? ????????????
• Nematocyst ???? organelle ?????????????????
  ?????????? capsule ??????? (operculum)
  ?????????????????? (thread) ??????
• Cnidocyte ???????????????????????????? battery
  ??????????????????? 1-4 ????? ????????????????????
  ??

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Nematocyst

• 3.1 Penetrant
• - ???????? capsule ??????
• - ?????????? nematocyst ??????
  ?????????????????? 3 ???
• - ??? nematocyst ???????????????????????
  ????????????
• - ??????????????????????? ???????????????????????
  ???????

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• 3.2 Volvent
• - ???????? capsule ??????
• - ??????????????????????????? ???????????
  ????????? ??????
• 3.3 Glutinant
• - capsule ??? ???????????? ???????????????
  ?????? tentacle ??????????????????????
• ?????????????????????? cnidocyte ??????????
  nematocyst ??? ?????????????????????
  interstitial cell ???? cnidocyte ????

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Glutinant Volvent Penetrant
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• 4. Mucous-secreting cell
• ?????????????? ??????????? basal disc
• ?? endodermis ?? enzymatic gland cell
  ???????????? ??????????????????????????

• 5. Sensory and nerve cell
• Sensory cell ??????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????
• Nerve cell ????????????? epidermis ??
  endodermis ??????????????????

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????????

• ???? carnivore ??????????????????????
• Tentacle ???????????????
• ???????????? gastrovascular cavity
  ????????????????
• ?????????????????? ?? enzymatic gland cell
  ???????????????????????????
• ????????????????? ?? nutritive cell ????????
  ?????????????????????

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?????????? ???????????? ????????

• ????????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????????

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????????????

• 1. Asexual reproduction ?????????????
• polyp ??????????? polyp ????
• medusa ?????????? polyp ??????? medusa
• ???????????????????????????????
  ???????????????????????

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????????????

• 2. Sexual reproduction
• Cnidarian ??????????? ?????????????
• Gamete ???????? interstitial cell
• ?????????????????????????? ???????????????????????
  ???????? ?????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????
• ?????????? ???????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????? planula
  ?????????????????? ?????????? ????????????????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????
• Metagenesis ??? ???????????????????

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??????????????

• Cnidaria ???????????? 4 class ??????
• Class Hydrozoa (???????? hydroid)
• ??????????????????? ????????????????? 30 ????
• ???????????? 2 ??? ?????????????????????
• ?????????????? polyp ???????????? medusa
• Mesoglea ???????? ????? cell
• gamete ??????? epidermis
• Cnidocyte ???? epidermis ????????
• Hydromedusa ?? velum ??????????????????

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Hydromedusa

• ?????????????????? velum
• Gastrovascular cavity ??????? 4 ??? ??????
  manubrium ?????? radial canal
• ???? radial canal ????????????????????????? (ring
  canal)
• Gonad 4 ??????? epidermis ????????? ???????
  radial canal
• (Obelia ????? velum)

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• Hydrozoa ??????? 2 ????????
• 1. Solitary hydroid
• Hydra
• ????????????????? ???????????????? Chlorella
  ?????????????????????
• ??????????????????????? ????????????? (budding)
• ??????????? ?????????? interstitial cell ??????
  epidermis
• ?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????
  ??
• ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????

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• 1. Solitary hydroid
• Gonionemus
• ?????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????
  ????????
• ??????????????????????? ??????????????????????????
  ?????????????? ?????????????????? frustule
• Frustule ??????????????????????? polyp ????
• ?????????????????? ??????? gonophore
  ???????????????????? polyp ???????????????????????
  ??????????????????????

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• 2. Colonial hydroid
• ????????????????????????????
• ??????? budding ?????????????????????????? ???
  ??????????????? colony ????? colony ???????gamete
  ???????????
• Obelia
• ?????????? ?????????? ??????????????
• ???????????? colony ?? 3 ???????

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• Hydrorhiza ??????????????????????
  ???????????????????? ???? ??????? ???????????
• 2. Hydrocaulus ??????????????? hydrorhiza
  ??????????????????? arborescent branch ?????????
• coenosarc ??????? ??????? epidermis ???
  gastrodermis
• perisarc ??????? chitin ??? epidemis ?????????
  ??????????

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• 3. Polyp ?? 2 ??????
• - Hydranth
• ????????????????? ?????????????????? tentacle
  ??????? hypostome perisarc ??????? hydranth
  ???????? hydrotheca
• - Gonangium
• ?????????????? medusa ?????????? blastostyle
  ?????????????????? medusa bud ????? gonotheca
  ????
• ???? medusa ??? Obelia ????? velum

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Hydranth Gonangium
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????? velum
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Physalia

• Hydroid ???? polymorphic colony
• Pneumatophore ????? mesoglea ??????????????
  exumbrella ????????? subumbrella ????????????
  coelenteron ????? gas gland ?????????
  ???????????????????????? pneumatopore
• Coenosarc ??? polyp ????????? (cormidia)
• Cormidia ?????????? polyp ??????? 2 ????
  ??????????????????????

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• Cormidia ??????????????????? polyp ??????
• 1. Dactylozooid ??????????? cormidia ?????????
  ???????? ???? 1 ??????????????????? ?????
  cnidocyte ?????????????? ?? 2 ???????
  ???????????????????????????? ?????????????????????
  ???? gonozooid
• 2. Gastrozooid ?????????????????????????
  ????????? ????????????????????????
• 3. Gonozooid ??????????????? ???????? medusa
  ??????? 2 ??? ?????????????????????????

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Polyp
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Porpita

• colony ????????????????? ????? medusa
• ???????????? polyp 3 ??????
• - gastrozooid ???????????
• - gonozooid ??????? gastrozooid
• - dactylozooid ????????????????

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Class Scyphozoa

• ?????????????????
• ?????????????????? medusa ??????????????? polyp
• Gamete ???????????? endodermis
• Scyphomedusa ????? velum
• Cnidocyte ???????????? epidermis ???gastrodermis
• Mesoglea ??????????? ????????????????

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Scyphomedusa

• scyphomedusa ????? velum
• ????????????????????????? lappet
• ??????? lappet ?????????????????????????
  rhopalium
• Rhopalium ????????????????? ??????????????????????
  ????????????? ????????? statocyst
• ??????????????????? ??????????? 4 ????
  ?????????????????? 4 ????? cnidocyte ????????

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Rhopalium
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Scyphomedusa

• manubrium ????????????????????????? (oral arm)
  ????? 4 ???? 8 ????
• ?????????????? gastric pouch 4 ???
  ????? gastric filament ?????????????????
• radial canal ???????????????????????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????? ??????????????????????????????????????????
  ???
• ????? ring canal ?????? Aurelia
• gonad ???????? gastrodermis ????????? gastric
  pouch

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?????????????

• ?????????????? ?????????????????????????????
  gonad ???????????????????????? (gamete cell)
• Gonad ??????????? endoderm
• ????????????? gastric pouch gonad
  ????????????????????
• ???????????????? gastric pouch gonad
  ????????????? gastric pouch ???????????????
• ????????????????????? ????????????????

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???????????????????????? Aurelia

• ????????????????????? ???????????????? planula
  ????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????? ?????????????????? scyphistoma
  ???????????? polyp
• Scyphistoma ?????????????????????????????? medusa
  ??????????? scyphistoma ?????????????????????
  strobila
• ?????????????????????????? medusa ???????? ephyra
• Ephyra ???????????????????????????????????????????
  ????

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Class Cubozoa

• ?????????????????? medusa ????????????????????????
  ???? (box jellyfish) ????? velum
• mesoglea ??? ??????????? ?????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????
  ?? (pedalium)
• ?????????????????????? ??????? ???????????????????
  ??
• Nematocyst ????????????????????
• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????

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Gonad
Pedalium
Tentacle
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• ?????????????? ??????? 2 ????????? ??????
• Chirodopid jellyfish
• ??????????????????????? 4 ?????????????
  ?????????????????????
• 2. Carybdeid jellyfish
• ??????????? 1 ????????????????????????????
  ????????????????

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Class Anthozoa

• ???????????? polyp ?????? ???????????? colony
• ??????????????? ????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????????
• Gastrovascular cavity ?????????????
• mesoglea ?? amoeboid cell 
• sex cell ???????? gastrodermis
• ???????????????????????? ????????????????????????
  
• ???????????????????????
• ???????? 3 ????????? ???

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• 1. sea anemone (??????????)
• ??????????????????????????????????????? 5 ??. ???
  10 ??. ?????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????? ???????????????????
  ??????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????

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• 1. sea anemone (??????????)
• ????????????????????????????? ????????????????
  ??????????????????
• ?????????????????????????? pedal laceration
• ?????????????????? ???????????????????????
  gastrodermis ??????????????????? gastrovascular
  cavity

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• 2. ??????? zoantharia (stony coral)
• stony coral ???????????????????????? coral reef
  ????????????????????????????????
• coral reef ??????? hermatypic coral ???
  ????????? zooxanthellae ?????????????
  ????????????????????????????????????? 
• ???????????????????? CaCO3
• ahermatypic coral ???????????????????
  zooxanthellae ?????????????????
  ??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
  ???? ??????????????????? ??????????

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• 3. ????????????????????? (alcyonarian corals)
• ??????????? 8 ???? ???????????????????????????????
  ?????? (pinnate tentacle)
• mesoglea ????????????????????????????????????
  (coenenchyme) ????????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????? ?????????? epidermis
• endoskeleton ??????? spicule ???? spicule
  ???????????? ???????????????????????????? (horny
  protein) ???????????????????????
• ???????????? soft coral, sea whip, sea fan, sea
  pen

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