profilaqtikis%20oqros%20leqcia - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Title: profilaqtikis%20oqros%20leqcia


1
profilaqtikis oqros leqcia

• globaluri profilaqtikuri qselis Seqmna codnisa da
  gamocdilebis gaziarebis mizniT. am leqcias unda
  gaecnos planetis 1 milioni mosaxle

2
higia berZnul miTologiaSi warmoadgens
janmrTelobis qalRmerTs. higiena aris mecniereba,
romelic Seiswavlis daavadebebis profilaqtikas,
janmrTelobis SenarCunebasa da mis gaumjobesebas.
19 seqtemberi, 2003 hipokrates dRe
es leqcia eZRvneba adamians, romelic cnobilia
rogorc medicinis "mama". misi naSromebis wyalobiT
mkurnalebi yalibdebodnen eqimebad da ara
mCxibavebad. studentebi hipokrates fics deben
yvela Tanamedrove samedicino saswavlebis
damTavrebisas.
3
leqciis miznebi

• profilaqtikis cnebis ganmarteba da misi
  mniSvnelobis xazgasma msoflioSi janmrTelobis
  SenarCunebis saqmeSi
• internetSi profilaqtikis globaluri qselis Seqmna
  da am qselis mniSvnelobis ganxilva superkursis
  magaliTze
• profilaqtikis oqros leqciis gacnoba 1 milioni
  adamianisaTvis (studentebi, jandacvisa da sxva
  sferoebSi momuSave profesionalebi) mTel
  msoflioSi.

4
profilaqtikis ganmarteba

• "moqmedebebi, romlebic mimarTulia daavadebaTa
  gavlenis aRmosafxvrelad an Sesamcireblad da
  invalidobis Tavidan asacileblad. profilaqtikis
  arsi yvelaze ukeTesad sCans misi doneebis
  (pirveladi, meoreuli da mesameuli profilaqtika)
  cnebebis ganmartebebSi."
• epidemiologiuri leqsikoni, me-4 gamocema
• redaqtori jon m. lasti

5
profilaqtika da sanitaria

• me-20 saukunis miRwevebi
• gaumjobesebuli higienuri Cvevebi
• sakvebi produqtebis gadamuSavebisa da Senaxvis
  pirobebis gaumjobeseba (dabali temperaturis
  gamoyeneba)
• sasmeli da sakanalizacio wylebis
  gawmenda-damuSavebis procesis gaumjobeseba
• miRwevebi imunizaciis sferoSi.

6
sicocxlis saSualo xangrZlivobis zrda
wyaro gaeros mosaxleobis ganyofileba,
demografiuli maCveneblebi, 1950-2050 (1996 wlis
Sesworeba, gaero, niu-iorki).
7
profilaqtika da religia

• xelebis dabana
• xelebis dabana aucilebelia roca adamiani exeba
  raime binZursa da WuWyians aseve Wamamde da
  Wamis Semdeg.
• winaswarmetyvelma (muhamedma), dideba mis saxels,
  Tqva "Tu adamianis janmrTelobas ziani miadgeba
  imis gamo, rom igi dasaZineblad wveba cximiani
  xelebiT, maSin aseTma adamianma damnaSave mxolod
  sakuTar TavSi unda eZebos".
• winaswarmetyveli, dideba mis saxels, xelebs
  ibanda Wamamde da Wamis Semdeg.

8
globaluri profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis istoriuli
magaliTebi
mwvave infeqciuri agentebis modeli
9
gardac. raod. 100 000 mosaxleze
tuberkuloziT gamowveuli sikvdilianoba, aSS,
1860-1960 ww.
koxis mier tuberkulo zis bacilis aRmoCena
streptomicinis gamoCena
vaqcinaciis SesaZlebloba
10
sanitaruli revolucia da sazogadoebrivi
jandacvis aRmavloba

• sanitarulma revoluciam gamoiwvia daavadebaTa
  struqturis arnaxuli transformacia, ramac Tavis
  mxriv xeli Seuwyo nomadebis mier daarsebuli
  primitiuli dasaxlebebis adgilze Tanamedrove
  qalaqebis (uzarmazari konglomeratebis)
  Camoyalibebas.

11
wiTelas mier gamowveuli sikvdilianobis
maCveneblebi inglissa da uelsSi 15 wlamde asakis
bavSvebSi, 1850-1970 ww.
sikvdilianoba 1 mil. bavSvze

• imunizaciis dasawyisi

wyaro Thomas McKeown. Tanamedrove mosaxleobis
Camo- yalibeba (Academic Press, San Francisco,
1976), pp. 93, 96.
12
"epidemiologiuri transformacia" meqsikaSi
infeqciuri daavadebebis Semcireba, qronikuli
daavadebebis zrda
13

• daxuruli zona, 40 kiurze meti 1 kvad. km-ze
• mudmivi kontrolis zona, 15-40 kiuri/km2
• perioduli kontrolis zona 5-15 kiuri/km2
• usaxelo zona 1-5 kiuri/km2

14
kubaSi warmatebuli profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis
magaliTi imunizaciis programis Sedegebi
poliomieliti likvidacia 1962
wels difteria likvidacia 1969 wels axalSobilTa
tetanusi likvidacia 1972 wels Tandayolili
wiTura likvidacia 1989 wels ybayuriT
gamowveuli meningiti likvidacia 1989 wels
wiTela likvidacia 1993 wels yivanaxvela
gadacema Sewyda 1994 wels wiTura
gadacema Sewyda 1995 wels ybayura
gadacema Sewyda 1995
wels avadobis maCveneblebi meningokokuri
daavadeba Semcireba 93-iT
muclis tifi Semcireba 75-iT B hepatiti
Semcireba 52-iT
15
profilaqtika onkologiaSi

• mTel msoflioSi saSvilosnos yelis kibos qalebSi
  avTvisebian simsivneTa gamomwvev mizezTa Soris
  meore adgili uWiravs
• ganviTarebad qveynebSi saSvilosnos yelis kiboTi
  gamowveuli sikvdilianobis maRali done
  ganpirobebulia am qveynebSi efeqturi skrininguli
  programebis ararsebobiT.

16
malariis kontrolis Rirebuleba

• henanis provinciaSi mTavroba malariis kontrolze
• xarjavs 99 970 aSS dolars weliwadSi, rac xmardeba
• daavadebis gavrcelebis zonaSi mcxovrebi 3,4
• milioni adamianis dacvas, e.i. erT adamianze
• ixarjeba saSualod 0.03 aSS dolari.
• am Tanxis 25 ixarjeba mosaxleobis sisxlis
  gamosa- kvlevad parazitebze (profilaqtikuri
  gamokvlevebi)
• veqtoris (gadamtanis) kontrolze 12
• malariaze saeWvo SemTxvevebis marTvaze - 60.
• erTi adamianis avadmyofoba jdeba 4.18 aSS dolari
  (am TanxaSi Sedis pirdapiri da arapirdapiri
  xarjebi). TviT avadmyofze modis xarjebis 83, rac
  daax. 10 dRis Semosavals udris (1/3 ixarjeba
  wamlebze, 1/3-ze meti modis umuSevrobiT dakargul
  Semosavalze).
• saxelmwifo ixdis 17-s da qmnis malariis
  mkurnalobisa da misi kontrolisaTvis saWiro
  sistemas.

17
Sidsis mosalodneli zegavlena 5 wlamde bavSvTa
sikvdilianobaze zogierT afrikul qveyanaSi 2010
wlisaTvis
wyaro aSS-s mosaxleobis aRweris biuro
18
gulis iSemiuri daavadebiT gamowveuli
sikvdilianoba 35-74 wlis mamakacebSi qveynebis
mixedviT , 1970 da 1993 wlebi.
750
fin
aSS
av/lia
Sot
ax/zel
kan
500
sin
sabkav
250
ital
esp
saf
iap
hon
Cin
0
19
cxovrebis wesTan dakavSirebuli faqtorebi
cecxlsasrol iaraRSi tyvia-wamals genebi deben,
cxovrebis wess ki moqmedebaSimohyavs sasxleti
meqanizmi"
eqimi eliot joslini
20
damokidebuleba gid-is garTulebebsa da dabali
xved. wonis qolesterins Soris bolo drois
kvlevebis mixedviT
meoreuli profilaqtika
30
25
avadmyofTa , romelTac ganuviTardaT garTulebebi
20
15
pirveladi profilaqtika
10
5
0
90
110
130
150
170
190
210
dabali xvedriTi wonis qolesterinis saSualo
maCvenebeli ganmeorebiTi vizitebis dros (mg/dl)

21
revoluciam molekulur biologiaSi gavlena iqonia

• mecnierebaze sazogadoebaze
• medicinaze epidemiologiaze
• molekuluri epidemiologia
• 21-e saukunis gamowvevaa

22
profilaqtika da interneti internetis "epidemia"
internetis momxmarebelTa raodenoba milionebSi
weli
23
meTodebi superkursis modeli
24
profilaqtikuri telemedicina
sxvadasxva sixSiris talRebiT gavrcelebuli iafi
sistemebi, romelTa mizania janmrTeli adamianebis
did raodenobas miawodos informacia daavadebaTa
profilaqtikis Sesaxeb.
telemedicina
maRali sixSiris talRebiT gavrcelebuli Zviri
sistemebi, romelTa mizania mcire raodenobis
avadmyofTa mkurnaloba.
25
superkursis leqciaTa raodenobrivi zrda
26
daskvnebi

• gasul saukuneSi cxovrebis saSualo xangrZlivobis
  zrda gamoiwvia sanitaruli mdgomareobis
  gaumjobesebam da profilaqtikuri RonisZiebebis
  gatarebam
• warmatebuli profilaqtika momavalSi, iseve rogorc
  es xdeboda warsulSi, unda efuZnebodes mTel
  msoflioSi janmrTelobis sferoSi momuSave
  profesionalebis erTobas da codnis
  gaziareba-gavrcelebas.
• internetis meSveobiT informaciis gacvla aris
  profilaqtikis warmatebisa da oqros xanis
  sawindari.

27
rogoria profilaqtikis momavali?

• profilaqtikis globalizacia
• adamianebis CarTva profilaqtikis qselSi
• informaciis, codnisa da gamocdilebis gaziareba.

gTxovT, es leqcia gaugzavnoT superkursis wevrebs,
jandacvis profesionalebsa da studentebs Tqvens
qveyanaSi
28
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