HNO3 and H2SO4 react to make electrophile, NO2 nitro aromatics are important intermediates ... Friedel-Crafts Acylation. acid chloride AlCl3 -- acylium ion AlCl4 ...
Wolf's CHM 201 & 202 18-* Aliphatic carboxylic acids undergo a variety of fragmentations. Aromatic carboxylic acids first form acylium ions, which then lose CO.
Carbocations rearrange. Reaction of benzene with n-propyl chloride and AlCl3 produces isopropylbenzene. The alkylbenzene product is more reactive than benzene, so ...
Click a box below to go to the mechanism Click here for advice Homolytic Free Radical Substitution Free Radical Addition Heterolytic Electrophilic Addition
Title: Substitution aromatique lectrophile Author: Ed Blackburn Last modified by: eblackbu Created Date: 3/30/1996 4:18:52 PM Document presentation format
CH 908: Mass Spectrometry Lecture 8 Collisionally Activated Dissociation (of proteins and peptides) Prof. Peter B. O Connor Collisionally Activated Dissociation ...
Friedel-Crafts alkylation forms a new C-C bond between an aromatic ring and an alkyl group. ... F-C acylations are free of two major limitation of F-C ...
Click a box below to go to the mechanism Click here for advice AS Free Radical Substitution Electrophilic Addition Nucleophilic Substitution (nitrile hydrolysis reaction)
2. conversion of alkenes to vicinal. halohydrins, followed by treatment. with base (Section 16.10) ... Epoxidation via Vicinal Halohydrins. Br2. H2O. OH ...
In an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, a hydrogen atom is replaced ... The nitronium ion (NO2 ) is the reactive electrophile in this reaction ...
The x-axis of a mass spectrum represents the masses of ions produced (m/z) ... In the spectrum of propane the peak at 29 is the base peak (most abundant) 100% ...
High resolution measures m/z to enough accuracy to find the molecular formula. ... If two or more Br/Cl atoms, then spectrum is more complicated. Often ...
... unknown mass can be attributed to Hydrogen. 7. 33% 3.3. 80. 3% .3. 79 ... Alkyl substituted benzenes often lose a hydrogen or alkyl group to yield the ...
alkyl, as we learned in our study of Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions. For Example: ... Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4 or LAH for short) more reactive than ...
In general the fragmentation proceeds to give mainly the most stable carbocation ... is written to reflect this using brackets ... molecular ion is detected. 14 ...
Ionic Liquids in Green Chemistry Dr. Nie Wanli Chemistry Department of NWU, Xi an What are Ionic liquids (ILs)? Why consider of ILs? The characteristic properties ...
How to solve this problem? Make Br2 more electrophilic. Aromatic. Not aromatic. FeBr3 ... Other Electrophiles: Friedel-Crafts Acylation. Write out the complete ...
name the acyl group and add the word chloride, fluoride, ... RCCl. O. RCOR' O. RCNR'2. O. Stabilization. very small. small. large. moderate. Relative rate ...
... 13C NMR spectrum: Ch. 9 - * 11D. ... where separation between the hydrogens is by three s bonds. Signal Splitting: Spin Spin Coupling Ch. 9 - * 9A.
Previously, the requirement was that the sample be able to be vaporized (similar ... molecular biology, semiconductors, geology, archaeology than any other ...
The ions formed may remain intact (as molecular ions, M ), or they may fragment ... Molecular weight and chemical formula may be derived from the M and M 1 ions ...