Geostrophic and thermal wind Reminder Geostrophic wind in pressure coordinates In the free atmosphere, wind is usually close to geostrophic. The departure from ...
Geostrophic Balance. If: Only important forces are Pressure ... Geostrophic Currents. In x-dir: fv = 1 dp. Assuming the current is uniform ... Geostrophic ...
if pressure only a function of the sea level. Properties of Geostrophic homogeneous flows ... NEW continuity equation! Equations of Geostrophic homogeneous flows ...
PV = (z f) . r (= (z f)/h ) is conserved for each ... knowledge of PVA (if geostrophic. balance is assumed) INVERSION PRINCIPLE. z. d PV 0 = cyclonic ...
ATOC 4720 class35 1. The thermodynamic energy equation 2. The continuity equation Previous classes Cross-isobar flow due to friction The gradient wind Hydrostatic ...
Ch. 7 Fundamentals of Atmospheric/Ocean Modeling--- Introduction to Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Pressure Gradient Force (PGF) Coriolis effect seen on a rotating ...
75% of the ocean has a salinity of 34-35 ppt and a temperature of 0-6 deg C. ... As the ocean is in hydrostatic equilibrium, the redistribution of the buoyant ...
CHAPTER 4: ATMOSPHERIC MOTIONS and TRANSPORT WHAT ARE THE FORCES BEHIND ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION? Global Circulation as a Giant Sea Breeze. Concepts: Pressure Gradient ...
The Role of Canyons, Promontories and Topography in DOES Susan Allen, Department of Earth & Ocean Science University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada
40-70 Day Meridional Propagation of Global Circulation Anomalies (A Global Convection Circulation Paradigm for the Annular Mode) Ming Cai1 and R-C Ren1,2
Steady State General Ocean Circulation steady state means: constant in time, no accelerations or Sum of all forces = 0 Outline: 1. Ekman dynamics (Coriolis ...
QG Dynamics A Review Anthony R. Lupo Department of Soil, Environmental, and Atmospheric Science 302 E ABNR Building University of Missouri Columbia, MO 65211
East of Front Range (&Appalachians) SE coast of S. Africa, Australia. Great Plains ... not usually steady-state (steady-state is possible, eg Antarctic winter night) ...
... (D. Folley, NOAA CoastWatch) gliders (T and S sections, once every 3 days, J Barth and R ... linear &adjoint codes AVRORA ... 5-10 steps ) (Egbert, 1997 ...
... conditions in the red box... Ekman Transport. Westerlies. Trades ... The red box... Convergence (sea surface pile-up) Pressure gradient force. Coriolis force ...
Schwerdtfeger (1975, 1979) describes a barrier jet along the ... as an ageostrophic response to the damming of stably-stratified flow by the Sierra Nevada. ...
CHAPTER 4: ATMOSPHERIC MOTIONS and TRANSPORT WHAT ARE THE FORCES BEHIND ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION? Global Circulation as a Giant Sea Breeze. Concepts: Pressure Gradient ...
Former Alberta Premier Ralph Klein once suggested that we all quit breathing as ... Cloud formation: promote aqueous phase chemistry. CHAPTER 4: ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT ...
Station models are an efficient and concise way to represent weather conditions ... Isohaline: A line of constant salinity (saltiness in the ocean) ...
How your weather is going to change! How to Think about Contouring. Like topographic map ... In the olden days, all weather maps and contour maps were done by hand! ...
Function m-files--analogous to subroutines or methods, maintain their own memory (workspace) ... finishes are returned to the workspace (or calling function) ...
Station models are an efficient and concise way to represent weather conditions ... Isohaline: A line of constant salinity (saltiness in the ocean) ...
The matrix of second derivatives J''=2B-1 2HTR-1H is called the Hessian of J ... i.e. cost is mainly sensitive to the conditioning = ellipticity of the Hessian. ...
Intro to Marine Resources Geography 158. Professor David Siegel ... Canary rockfish. Stock assessments. Many rockfish stocks are now been. declared overfished ...
Denis Volkov and Lee-Lueng Fu. NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology ... Corresponding author: Denis Volkov, dvolkov@caltech.edu, ...
Data: bathymetry, hydrography, surface fluxes global climatological datasets are ... the nonlinear equation of state in a adiabatic part and a compressible part. ...
Dissolved salts, gases and organic substances, as well as particles. Physical properties are mainly ... Awarded Nobel Peace Prize in 1922. 25. Ekman transport ...
high resolution: 0.1 deg (~10 km) short duration: 10's of years ... case for importance of transport scheme at high resolution. Horizontal grid discretization ...
South American Climate of the LGM: A Regional Modeling Study Kerry H. Cook Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Cornell University Thanks to Edward Vizy and ...
A variational data assimilation system for the global ocean ... Global (ORCA): 2o x 0.5o at eq., 31 levels (free surface) Variational assimilation environment ...
Inertial oscillation: no external forces, advection and vertical vel. ... apply wind-stress on surface (influences advection, location of density fronts) ...
This book is concerned primarily with one of these applications, which is the ... sailed across the Atlantic to Madeira, recrossed to Rio de Janeiro, then ...
An International Collaborative Effort Towards Automated Sea ... information exchange - joint research (project based) - operational model and/or data exchange ...
MERCATOR Data Assimilation Systems: From a Simple Altimeter Data Reduced Order Optimal System. ... MERCATOR Assimilation System Altimeter Sea Level Anomalies ...