TWO GREAT INTELLECTUALRELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
1 / 27
Title:
TWO GREAT INTELLECTUALRELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS
Description:
Law-like order of the natural world. The power of human reason ... Enlightenment politics. John Locke. Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690) ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
Number of Views:15
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Title: TWO GREAT INTELLECTUALRELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS
1
TWO GREAT INTELLECTUAL/RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS
2
The Enlightenment
- Four fundamental principles
3
- Law-like order of the natural world
- The power of human reason
4
- 3. The natural rights of individuals, including
the right to self-government - 4. The progressive improvement of society
5
- Men can determine the general principles and
natural laws governing the universe through
analyzing nature, experimentation, abstract
reasoning.
6
- Emphasis on acquiring knowledge through
reasoningchallenging previously unquestioned
assumptions
7
- Began around 1675
- Scientific Revolution
8
Benjamin Franklin Thomas Jefferson
- DeistsBelieved that God had created the world
but allowed it to operate according to laws of
naturenatural reason would define a moral code
9
Enlightenment politics
- John Locke
- Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690)
- Two Treatises on Government (1690)
10
- God created every person everyone is His
propertycreated equal free.
11
- In the state of nature each person is a judge
unto themselves people are primarily only
interested in themselves.
12
- Authority of government was not divinely ordained
(kingships)
13
- Social compactpeople made an agreement with
govt to preserve their natural rights to life,
liberty, property
14
- Governments might change through the decision of
the majority. - Govt should aim at the good of the people.
15
- Society must have established form of govt, laws
judicial system. - Citizens are not free to act do as they please.
- Freedom consent are inseparable.
16
- When established government acts improperly, it
puts itself in a state of war with its own
citizens the people have the right to dissolve
that govt even through revolution if necessary.
17
Pietism/The Great Awakening
- 1730s-1740s
- Reaction to The Enlightenment
- Declensionsecond generation further
generations were failing to practice the piety of
their spiritual fathers - Began in Congregational ChurchRev. Jonathan
Edwards
18
Old Lights
- Arminians/Church of England
- Anti-revivalists/traditional clerics
- Disliked emotionalism itinerancy
19
Old Lights cont
- Especially disliked women talking publicly about
Gods word - The authority power of the established clergy
were being threatened
20
New Lights
- Presbyterians/Baptists/
- Methodists
- Accused opponents of being status conscious
21
New Lights cont
- Believed in unconverted state of the clergy
- Concerned about decline in church attendance
interest
22
New Lights cont
- Questioned religious, social political
orthodoxy - Challenged fundamental tenets of colonial
political consensus
23
George Whitefield
- Three American tours
- October 1739-January 1740
- March 1740 to May 1740
- September 1740 to December 1740
24
- Rock star status in America
- Critic of Church of England
- Colorful
- Open-air services mixed gatherings
25
- New communication styleextemporaneous preaching
in - everyday language
- Daily itinerant preaching
26
- Advertising/publicity
- Ignored ecclesiastical structures
- Novelty was his greatest asset.
- Died in 1770.
27
- Revivals became linked in a widespread, single
movement rather than isolated, local events - usually flourished where dissenters were most
influential where a revival tradition existed.
