ljwfg lgdf0f klsof ljwfg ef - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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ljwfg lgdf0f klsof ljwfg ef

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ljwfg ;ef ; ;b xf]O{g . /fhgLlts bnsf] dfq ;ef (= ; ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lsof. o;sf tLg r/0f 5g ... sfg'gL ;jf]{Rftf, ljlwsf] zf;g ls cf7 bnsf] ;jf]{Rftf. Pj zf;g ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Tags: bnsf | klsof | lgdf0f | ljwfg

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Title: ljwfg lgdf0f klsof ljwfg ef


1
æljwfg lgdf0f klsof / ljwfg efÆ
  • ktftfM"o 9'În
  • jwflgs fNnfx tyf xofu PsfO
  • o'Qm /fi6wLo lasf sfosd
  • Sf7df8f, gkfn

2
2Þ kt'tL rf/ efudf ljeflht 5M
  • s_ kf/lDes clesyg tyf kl/efiffsf kZg
  • v_ ljwfg lgdf0f klsof
  • u_ ljwfg ef
  • 3_ ljwfg efu uflPsf jfn tyf ljsNkx?
  • kt'tLsf d"n cfwf/ cGtl/d ljwfg /xsf 5 .

3
kf/lDes clesyg tyf kl/efiff
  • ! /fi6sf kd'v /fhglts zlQmx?jLr xdlt
  • Efflnsf gkfnsf nflu æftf ljwfgÆ sf
    lgdf0f
  • ljwfgsf lgdf0f ljwfg efåf/f ul/g
  • ljwfg efsf cfwf/M !_at_ a'b xdltblv cGtl/d
    ljwfg, _at_) -zfwg lxt_ Ddsf btfjh
  • _at_ lsg gFof ljwfg / ljwfg eflt oL s x'g\ lt

4
Kl/efiffsf kZg lt
  • ljwfg / ljwfg ef
  • dfjzL khftGq, /fHosf k'gM/rgf, 3Lo
    k0ffnL, dfg'kflts lgjfrg, gFof gkfn

5
ljwfg / ljwfg ef
  • ljwfgM /fHosf æd'n sfg'gÆÙ æjfRr sfg"gÆ
  • /fHosf zfg Jjjyf rfngsf jwflgs oGq
  • gful/ssf dflns xssf lgwf/0f / /If0f
  • clwsf/ -/fHozlQm_ sf t'ng / kofusf Ldf
  • /fi6 lgdf0fsf cfwf/ / dfulrq
  • ljwfg oyfydf fjefdzlQm kofusf jwflgs
    oGq xf (Thomas Cooley)

6
ljwfg efM 4flGts Pj Jojxfl/s kIfM
  • ljwfg lgdf0f ug u7Lt hgkltlglwx?sf æefÆ jf
    æynfÆ æljwfg efÆ
  • osf uGtJoM gFof ljwfg
  • lsg ljwfg ef lt
  • hgtf g jfRr Pj jzlQmdfg eGg dfGotf
  • (Sovereignty)
  • hgtf g ljwfgsf nvs (Author)

7
  • hn lgdf0f u5 (dofbf tof/ u5 / hf/L u5_ ,
    pn
  • dfq cfd""n kl/jQg ug kfp5 eGg dfGotf .
  • (We the people) æjfldTjÆ sf kZg .
  • _at_)) blv _at_) Dd sf ljwfgdf æjfldTjÆ sf
    cefj .

8
ljwfg lgdf0f klsofM
  • ljwfg efsf u7g ljlw . dfjzL tTjsf lylt.
  • -kofKt kltj4tf tyf oGqsf sld wf/f
  • lgjfrg kålt cflzs ?kdf dfjzL_
  • Æljwfg efÆ / b jLrsf leGgtf
  • ljwfg ef b xfOg .
  • /fhgLlts bnsf dfq æefÆ

9
( ljwfg lgdf0f klsof
  • osf tLg r/0f 5g\
  • ! k"j tof/L sf r/0fM\\
  • æljwfg efÆ u7g -lgjfrg_ x'g' cl3
  • _at_ ljwfg dofbf tof/L tyf hf/L ug sfo
  • kmn sfofGjogM
  • gFof æljwfgÆ nfO sfofGjogdf phf kbfg
    ug

10
!) k"j tof/Lsf r/0f
  • ljwfg efsf j?k
  • cfsf/ -_at_ jf6 ( Dd_ lt
  • sGofsf Hofb 7"nf )) eGbf a9L . Eff/tdf
    _at_(( . blIf0fL clkmsf().
  • doMM kfo _at_ jif . dlxgf bvL jif klg
    nfusf .
  • dfjzL klsofM
  • xeflutfsf cj// (Consultative and
    Participatory Process)
  • lgjfrg k4tL -dfgfGt/dfg'kflts_
  • pRr t/Lo ljwfg cfofu sf u7g .
  • gofF ljwfg lgdf0fsf nflu 4flGts cfwf/ .
    pko'Qm jftfj/0f . -!_at_ j'b xdtL bvL ctl/d
    ljwfg Dd _
  • gFof ljwfgsf ljifo jt' Pj jfnjf/ cWoog Pj
    5nkmn .

11
!) jtdfg lyltM
  • k"j tof/Ls cjyfdf cndn .
  • dfjzL oGqsf jyf cefj -lgjfrg sfg"g ltlt_
  • DjlGwt /fhglts zlQmx?sf kltj4tfdf kZg lrGx lt
  • æuGtJoÆ jf/ cGofn / cki6tf .
  • jwflgs kltj4tfjf6 ljrng -ljwfg efsf ltly
    tyf 3Lo k0ffnL Pj /fhtqsf kZg_
  • hg wg '/Iffsf lrGtf

12
!! ljwfg lgdf0f / ljwfg efM r'gfltd"n
d'4fx? Tfyf ljsNk
  • ljwfg ef lgjfrgsf ltly / osf nflu eo /lxt
    jR5 Pj jtq jftfj/0f lt
  • sfg"gL jfRftf, ljlwsf zfg ls cf7 bnsf
    jfRftf
  • Pj zfg lt
  • dfjzL oqsf lgdf0f tyf lsofzLntf .
  • Jofks hgxeflutf Pj dGjosf oq cfjZos
  • -ht, pRft/Lo ljwg cfofu jf /fHo
    k'Mg/rgf
  • cfofusf u7g_
  • zflGt dmftf Pj cGo dembf/L kfng cg'udgdf
  • blvPsf sdhf/L
  • ljwfg ef nfO Lldt bnsf jGwgaf6 pGdQm u/L
  • k'0f gkfnL sf ef jgfpg s/L lt

13
!_at_ ljsNkM
  • ljwfg ef sf ljsNk clegfosjfb jfxs ca c? slx
    5g lt ssf / stf clwgfosjfb jf/ ljjfb xfnf .
  • cf7bnsf lds/0f sf ljsNk c/fhstf / clwgfos jfb
    dfq x'g S5 .
  • ljwfg efsf lgjfrg ltyLsf tTsfn 3fif0ff .
  • zfGtL dmftf / ljwfg / jwflgs
    l4fGtx?sf k"0f kfngf
  • ljwfg ef lgjfrg ljwossf bjf6 cg'dfbg /
    lgjfrg cfofunfO jtkmsf xofu .
  • ljwfg ef sf kefjsf/L e"ldsf tyf ljwfg
    lgdf0f sf k"j tof/Lsf nflu pRft/Lo jwflgs
    lgsfosf cfjZostf .
  • kefjsf/L '/Iff Jojyf .
  • o'Qm /fi63, o"/fknL 3, ldq /fi6x? tyf
    cGo cGt/fli6o 3 yfsf xofusf nflu
    pko'Qm jftfj/0f / xdtL sfod /fVg' kg .

14
! ctdfM
  • ljwfg ef n ug sfo ljwfg efnfO g ug
    lbFpm .
  • hg cfGbfng _at_ sf d"n bz lxzfsf cGt,
    zflGt, lbuf khftqsf yfkgf, ljwfg ef
    åf/f eflj gkfnsf sfg'gL vfsf sf tof/L,
    bl/nf dfjzL oqsf lgdf0f, clwgfosjfbsf
    klt/fwdf j /fhgljts zlQmsf Pstf tyf gful/s
    dfhsf ofubfgsf dofbf .
  • hgtf g lg0fos x'g eGg oyfy gljf .
  • cfk\mgf s'/f 'gfpg eGbf, c?sf s'/f 'gf .
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