Propositional Equivalences CS/APMA 202, Spring 2005 Rosen, section 1.2 Aaron Bloomfield Tautology and Contradiction A tautology is a statement that is always true p ...
Propositional Logic CS 1050 (Rosen Section 1.1, 1.2) Proposition A proposition is a statement that is either true or false, but not both. Atlanta was the site of the ...
PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC 6.4 Truth Tables for Arguments TRUTH TABLES FOR ARGUMENTS Symbolize the argument using letters for simple propositions. On one line, write the ...
Dept. of Computer & Information Science & Engineering COT 3100 Applications of Discrete Structures Dr. Michael P. Frank Slides for a Course Based on the Text
Propositional Logic USEM 40a Spring 2006 James Pustejovsky Evaluation of Deductive Arguments argument A is a deductive argument =df. A is an argument in which the ...
Introduction to Discrete Mathematics. Lecture 1: Sep 1 ... Magic tricks. More games, more paper folding, etc. Famous paradoxes. Prime numbers. Game theory ...
Semantics of PL Truth Tables Truth Tables Truth Tables About Example A Small Knowledge Base Model of a KB Satisfiability of a KB 3-SAT Problem Logical Entailment ...
PROPOSITIONAL LOGIC. SUMMARY. DEFINITIONS. A declarative sentence is a sentence ... LAW OF SYLLOGISM (HYPOTHETICAL SYLLOGISM) P = Q. Q = R. therefore P = R ...
Construct the models of KB based on rules of world ... Constructing the KB. 38. 39. Properties of Model Checking ... it works for any KB and sentence to prove a ...
... so that they can use it to codify logical statements and to reason about these statements. To illustrate how a computer can be used to carry out formal proofs ...
Propositional logic is a branch of symbolic logic dealing with simple ... If proposition p = 'I am a donkey.' Then p = 'I am not a donkey.' Conjunction Operator ...
Negations In: Conversion to Clausal Form (or CNF) 8. Conversion ... together with the negated goal (also in clausal form), and try to derive the empty clause. ...
E.g. know(Charles,Ken), Adjacent (x,y), father-of(Kathy) = Michael, Victor, x. 20 ... y x Loves(x,y) Quantifier duality: each can be expressed using the other ...
squares adjacent to wumpus are smelly - squares adjacent to pits are breezy ... shooting kills wumpus if you are facing it - shooting uses up the only arrow ...
Hypothetical Syllogism. Either p or q. not p. Therefore, q. Disjunctive Syllogism. If p, then q. q. Therefore, p. Affirming the Consequent. If p, then r ...
The dog that ate the rat chased the cat. The cherry blossoms in the spring ... sank. ... Which one of the figures the sentence intends to capture? In short we ...
Russell, S & Norvig, P 'Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach', Prentice Hall ... improved backtracking, e.g., Davis--Putnam-Logemann-Loveland (DPLL) ...
is a tautology. Let P(x,y) be a propositional function (i.e. a predicate) ... a tautology? What does the expression mean? What's the truth table for implication? ...
The implication p q is the proposition that is false when p ... In this implication p is called the hypothesis (or antecedent or ... saying the implication is ' ...
A contingency is a proposition that is neither a tautology nor a contradiction. p q ... q are logically equivalent if p q is a tautology. Notation: p q or p q ...
Negation of p. Let p be a ... The negation of an AND statement is logically equivalent to the OR ... p Double Negation Law. p q q p; p q q p Commutative Laws ...
With n propositional symbols, one can define 2n models. Model of a KB ... Engine-Starts Flat-Tire Car-OK. Battery-OK Bulbs-OK. Connective symbol (implication) ...
... rule for abduction, outside scope of this course) ... Mq. where Li and Mj are complementrary. Infer the clause: L1 ... Li-1 Li 1 ... Lk M1 Mj-1 Mj 1 ...
(1,2) [stench,none,none,none,none] L? ok. CSE391-2005. LOGIC. 12. The Lion World ... (1,1) [none,none,none,none,none] A. ok. ok. ok. CSE391-2005. LOGIC. 18 ...
CMSC 471 Propositional Logic Chapter 7.4-7.5, 7.7 Adapted from s by Tim Finin and Marie desJardins. Some material adopted from notes by Andreas Geyer-Schulz
Its converse? Its inverse? Its contrapositive? Use a truth table to ... Describe the contrapositive of p q in terms of converse & inverse. Operator Precedence ...
... prop calc. R : 'It is raining' B : 'Take the bus to class' W : 'Walk to class' Some things to tell our agent ... W ('If it is not raining, (then) walk to class' ...
... Bit-vector, Sets, Linear-Arithmetic, Uninterpreted functions, More ... except linear arithmetic, have known ... linear arithmetic to propositional ...
... the exponential memory requirements of DP. Exponential time is still a ... A variable is forced to be assigned to be True or False based on previous assignments ...
Write the field values that represent discovering what an icon means by displaying its tag. ... E.g., the following field checks the mouse location for a scroll bar. ...
the set of all the breeds of cat in the world. A = {s, d, f, h, k } B = {a, b, c, d, e, f} ... (x) this would mean: There is one and only one cat that is green. ...
Logical Agents (Part I) This lecture ... Exploring a wumpus world Exploring a wumpus world Exploring a wumpus world Logic We used logical reasoning to find the gold.
Automated Planning: Theory and Practice Chapter 7 Propositional Satisfiability Techniques Dana S. Nau University of Maryland * * Motivation Propositional ...
A Taxonomic Scheme for Propositional Analysis Jerson Geraldo Romano Jr Universidade de S o Paulo, Programa de P s-Gradua o Interunidades em Ensino de Ci ncias
AS MODERN LOGIC, IT ATTEMPTS TO UNDERSTAND THE FORMS OF ARGUMENTS BY ELIMINATING ... Truth value: if either disjunct is true, then whole claim is true. ...
If variable X is bound to a quantifier then there is a binding between them. ... That is so because an interpretation doesn't touch free domain variables ...
Title: No Slide Title Author: Lydia Sinapova Last modified by: Svetoslav Sinapov Created Date: 6/5/2002 6:59:58 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show
Implicative Normal Form CPL (INFCPL) Horn CPL (HCPL) Semantics. Cognitive and Herbrand interpretations, ... f valid (or tautology) iff true in all Hi(f), ex, a ...
Automated Reasoning in Propositional Logic Problem Given: KB: a set of sentence : a sentence Answer: KB ? Deduction vs. Satisfiability Test Computational ...