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Emerging Issues and TrendsChapter 2
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Tractor-trailers: 2 mph/sec. Impact of vehicle performance on ... Vehicle Travel Through = d w l. Change Interval (Amber) = Change Interval = t = 1.0 second ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
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Title: Emerging Issues and TrendsChapter 2
1
Emerging Issues and Trends(Chapter 2)
- ITS
- Historical Development
- Routing
- Dynamic Assessment
- System Architecture
- ATMS
- Tolls
- Collision Avoidance
2
- Transit
- International Activity
- Facilities Function
- Access Management
- Mobility
- Planning Tools
- The Role of Traffic Engineer
- Performance Measures
3
- Intermodalism
- Performance Measures
- Mobility and Congestion
- Trends in Population and Transportation Location
- Metrication
4
- Traffic Stream Components and Characterist.
(Chapter 3) - Elements of Traffic System
- Road Users
- Vehicles
- Roadways
- Controls
5
- Road Users
- Drivers, Pedestrians, and Bicyclists
- Age , Gender, and, Character
6
- Perception and Reaction Time P.I.E.V.
- Perception, Intellection, Emotion, and Volition
- dr 1.47vt
- dr in feet , v in mph, and t in seconds
7
- Brake Reaction Time
- AASHTO Recommendations
- Stopping Sight Distance 2.5 seconds
- Traffic Signal Change Interval 1.0 Second
8
- Factors Affecting PIEV
- Age
- Fatigue
- Complexity of Cues
- Presence of Drugs or Alcohol
9
- Vision
- Static Visual Acuity
- Dynamic Visual Acuity
- Most Acute Vision 30 _ 50
- Fairly Clear 100 _ 120
10
- Other Visual Concerns
- Depth Perception Why is it important?
- Glare Recovery Night versus Tunnel Driving
- Peripheral Vision 1200 _ 1800
11
- Pedestrian Characteristics
- Walking Speed 4-5 feet per second
- Perception and Reaction Time is 7 seconds
12
- Vehicle Characteristics
- Design Vehicles What? Why? How?
- AASHTO Standards for
- Height
- Width
- Length
- Minimum and Maximum Turning Radii
13
- Vehicle Acceleration
- Rate of Acceleration vs. Initial Speed
- Large passenger cars 10 mph/sec
- Tractor-trailers 2 mph/sec
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- Impact of vehicle performance on
- Road Design
- Traffic operations
- Truck Performance on Grades
15
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- Braking Distance
- Factors
- Braking System
- Tire Condition
- Roadway Surface
- Initial Speed
- Grade
17
- Braking Distance Equation
- db (V2 - U2) / 30( f g )
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Proof
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- u2 v2 - 2(decl)(db).(1)
- F (f)(N) (f)(w)(cosine a) (f)(w)
- (w)(sine a) (w)(f) (w/32.16)(decl)
- decl (gf)(32.16).(2)
- From (1) and (2)
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- db (v2 - u2) / 2(gf)(32.16)
- db (V2 - U2)(1.47)2 / 2(gf)(32.16)
- db (V2 - U2) / 30(gf) Vehicle traveling
up-grade - db (V2 - U2) / 30(g-f) Vehicle traveling
down-grade
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SSD Applications
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Change Interval at Traffic Signals
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- Vehicle Able to Stop d 1.47(V)(t)(V2)/30(f)
- Vehicle Travel Through d w l
- Change Interval (Amber)
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- Change Interval
- t 1.0 second
- (30)(f) 10 feet per second square
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