Eating Disorders: Their Recognition and Treatment

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Changing the Alaskan Scene
Team Nutrition Training Department of Education
Early Development Child Nutrition Services 2003
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Child Nutrition Services Programs

• National School Lunch
• National School Breakfast
• Special Milk
• Summer Food Service
• Child and Adult Care Food

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Raising Healthy Kids

• Changing the Alaska Scene
• Team Nutrition Training
• Department of Education Early Development
• Child Nutrition Services

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Healthy eating as important life skill

• It helps children grow, develop, and do well in
  school.
• It prevents childhood and adolescent health
  problems such as obesity.
• It lowers the risk of future chronic disease such
  as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer
  and reduces potential health care costs.

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Balance and Moderation

• All foods fit

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Snacks

• Growing children
• Extra nutrients
• Choose low fat snacks without filling childrens
  small stomach before a meal

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National After School Snack Program pattern

• For children age 6-12, select 2 of the 4.
  Choosing juice and milk only do not qualify for
  reimbursement.
• 8 oz milk, 1 oz meat or meat alternative, 1
  slice bread or 3/4 cup dry cereal or 1/2 cup hot
  cereal, 3/4 cup juice/fruits/vegetables

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Healthy Kids Research Issues

• Current Research on Childhood Obesity
• Effects of Media on Childrens Eating

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Research on Childhood Obesity

• World-wide epidemic
• US children increasing faster than other nations
• Between 7-12 of students skip breakfast
• Soda consumption doubled in last 15 years

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Research

• Over 12,000 new food products per year
• US schools decrease Physical Education by 30
  while average TV viewing is now 23 hours/week
• US, Japan, Hungary show prevalence for super
  obese.

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Research Factors

• Heredity, race, and environment
• Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
• Fat Storage

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Other interesting points

• Snacking
• Food as reward
• Fat ?? Racism 50 years ago

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Team Nutrition Grants

• 200,000 Grant to EED
• 9 communities receive 10,000 grants
• Community based school nutrition/physical
  activity policy
• Each community receives on-site training

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USDAs Child Nutrition Programs

• National School Lunch, Breakfast Afterschool
  Snack Programs
• Summer Food Service Programs
• Child Adult Care Food Programs
• Homeless Food Program

EAT SMART PLAY HARD
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Raising Healthy Children in the Current
Environment The Challenge Facing Parents and
Teachers

• Marlene B. Schwartz, Ph.D.
• Yale Center for Eating Weight Disorders
• Yale University Department of Psychology

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Objectives

• Review research on how children develop food
  preferences
• Examine the influence of the environment on
  childrens eating
• What can parents/teachers do?

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Early Food Preferences

• Innate
• Prefer the sweet tastes
• Dislike bitter and sour tastes
• Quickly learn
• Prefer salt
• Prefer high-fat

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Parental/Teacher Challenge 1

• Limit sweets for health
• vs.
• If you are good you can have a cookie

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Parental/Teacher Challenge 2

• Your efforts to teach your children about
  nutrition
• vs.
• The efforts of the food industry to sell their
  product

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Food Industry

• Thousands of new products introduced each year
• 1985 5,500 new products
• 1995 17,000 new products

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Advertising to Kids

• Kids see 10,000 food ads per year
• 95 for candy, fast food, soft drinks, and
  sugared cereals

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The Score

• Mom/Teacher 1,095 messages
• Media 9,500 messages

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Parental/Teacher Challenge 3

• Allow children to self-regulate
• vs.
• Try to restrict access to lower nutrient density
  foods

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Research tells us

• Children can
• self-regulate intake
• under certain circumstances

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Children self-regulate best when

• The foods available are nutrient dense
• High calorie beverages are unavailable
• Snacking is not discouraged
• Large portions are not served

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Research tells us

• Children develop preferences for foods that are
• visible but restricted

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Candy Counter Trap
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Research tells us

• Children learn to prefer a food when it is used
  as a reward

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Rewarding Homework with Donuts
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Research tells us

• Meals eaten at home are more nutritious that
  meals eaten anywhere else

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Kids Meals
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Kids Meals

• No fresh fruit or fresh vegetables
• Only vegetable is french fries
• Much higher calories and fat than recommended
• Large portion sizes
• Family style worse than fast food?

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Research tells us

• People eat more food when served larger portions,
  even when hunger levels are the same

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Research tells us

• Children will choose foods that are familiar

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Research tells us

• Children can learn to like it.
• It takes up to
  exposures to a new food for children to develop a
  preference.

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Research tells us

• People eat the foods that are most easily
  available

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Things to do

• Keep nutrient dense foods readily available
• Serve them frequently
• Dont be discouraged by initial rejection

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Parental/Teacher Challenge 4

• Help your overweight child maintain healthy
  behaviors without emphasis on appearance

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Consequences of weight bias

• Lower self-esteem
• Increased risk for depression
• Long lasting consequences of teasing
• Parents feel responsible
• Children blame themselves

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SummaryRecognizing the Challenge

• More difficult than changing single behaviors
• Hundreds of tiny decisions each day
• Societal stigma unlike other medical conditions
• Society works against parents, rather than with
  them

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Think outside the box
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10 Tip to Healthy Eating For Kids

• 1. Eat lots of different kinds of food
• 2. Eat more whole-grain breads and cereals,
  fruits, and vegetables
• 3. Keep moving to stay in shape
• 4. Start your day with breakfast
• 5. Snack smart
• 6. Balance your food choices so you dont eat too
  much of any one thing

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? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

• 7. Be adventurous. Try new foods and new ways of
  eating them
• 8. Set healthy eating goals
• 9. Remember foods are not good or bad. All foods
  have a place in our diets
• 10. Make healthy eating fun, but not a recreation

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Resources

• Alaskas Child Nutrition Services
  http//www.childnutrition.akstate.us
• Alaska School Food Service Association
  http//aksfsa.org
• USDA Team Nutrition
• http//www.fns.usda.gov/tn
• American Dietetic Association http//www.eatright.
  org/Public

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Questions
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For more Team Nutrition information contact

• Tammy Lee
• Team Nutrition Grant Coordinator
• Department of Education Early Development
• Division of Teaching Learning Support
• Section of Child Nutrition Services
• 801 West 10th Street, Suite 200
• Juneau, AK 99801-1894
• Tel [phone]-3316
• Fax [phone]-8910
• E-mail Tammy_Lee_at_eed.state.ak.us
• website www.eed.state.ak.us/tls/cns/

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Thank you!

• Have a great day!