2nd JSPS MCRP Seminar on Coastal Oceanography

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2nd JSPS MCRP Seminar on Coastal Oceanography

• Project 1 Water Circulation and the Material
  Transport Process in the Coastal Areas and
  Marginal Seas of the
• East and Southeast Asia
• O-1-6
• Underwater Optical Environment in the Upper Gulf
  of Thailand
• Satsuki Matsumura, Absornsuda Siripong
• Thaitharworn Lirdwitayaprasit
• Chulalongkorn University
• THAILAND

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Objective

• To know under water optical process related to
• Chl-a, CDOM, SS, K490 and
• Primary Productivity
• To make Ocean Color algorithms for the Gulf of
  Thailand
• To know seasonal variation of the relation
  between optical composition and water quality
  related to Primary Productivity

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Method

• Optical survey using PRR (Profiling Reflectance
  Radiometer)
• Under water spectrum photometer for upward
  and downward light
• Secchi disk, Forel water color gage,
• Water sampling for Chl-a, CDOM, SS, Nutrients (N,
  P, Silica),
• Physical property
• Temperature, Salinity, Current by
  Doppler profiler
• Divergence Convergence by drifting buoy
• Plankton sampling by surface net

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Cooperative work in the Gulf of Thailand

• Chulalongkorn Univ.
• SEAFDEC research Vessel SEAFDEC
• Kasetsart Univ.
• Research Vessel Kasetsart ?
• Scripps Inst. of Ocean. HPLC
• Asian Institute of Technology Spectrometry
• Under the JSPS project
• Nagoya Univ. Primary productivity
• Nagasaki Univ. CDOM
• Tokyo Univ. Divergence Current
• Kyushu Univ. Tidal current model
• Yamanashi Univ. Atmospheric
  correction?SS
• Under the MOU
• Tohoku Univ. Image processing
• Tokai Univ. Atmospheric
  correction

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Station Map of the Upper Gulf of Thailand
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(No Transcript)
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Underwater Optical Process
Rrs Lu / Ed
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Technical methods

• PRR-600/610
• Ed(?), Lu(?), Es(?)
• ?(nm) 412, 443, 490, 510,
• 555, 665, 683, PAR
• PAR Photosynthesis Available Radiation
• Water leaving Radiance
• Lw(?) for much up data
• Vertical profile of
• attenuation coefficient
• Kd(?)

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Lutgens Tarbuck, 1998.
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Average wind by PO DAAC Ocean, POET Cruise 1
9-11 Oct 2003
6 Oct 03 am Average u 5.5 m/s v 1.6 m/s
7 Oct 03 am Average u 2.1 m/s v -0.3 m/s
8 Oct 03 am Average u 5.2 m/s v -3.3 m/s
9 Oct 03 am Average u 0.9 m/s v 3.7 m/s
Average wind speed 2.7 m/s direction
306 (6-10 Oct 03)
10 Oct 03 am Average u -2.7 m/s v -2.4 m/s
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Cruise 2 4-6 Dec 2003
2 Dec 03 pm Average u 1.3 m/s v 5.8 m/s
3 Dec 03 am Average u 4.6 m/s v 4.9 m/s
4 Dec 03 pm Average u 2.3 m/s v -0.8 m/s
5 Dec 03 pm Average u 3.0 m/s v 1.3 m/s
Average wind speed 3.9 m/s direction
222 (2-6 Dec 04)
6 Dec 03 pm Average u 1.5 m/s v 3.2 m/s
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Cruise 1 9-11 Oct 2003 Sal (0m),
Kd490, Chl-a (0m), Wind
Average wind wind speed 2.7 m/s wind
direction 306 (6-10 Oct 03)
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Cruise 1 9-11 Oct 2003 5m Sal(5m),
CDOM(5m), Chl-a(5m) , T-N(5m)
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Cruise 2 4-6 Dec 2003 Sal.(0m), Kd490,
Chl-a(0m) Wind
Average wind wind speed 3.9 m/s wind
direction 222 (2-6 Dec 03)
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Cruise 2 4-6 Dec 2003 Sal(5m),
CDOM(5m), Chl-a(5m) , T-N(5m)
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Cruise 3 13-15 Jan 2004 Sal.(0m), Kd490,
Chl-a(0m) Wind
Average wind wind speed 4.7 m/s wind
direction 253 (10-14 Jan 04)
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Cruise 3 13-15 Jan 2004 Sal(5m), CDOM(5m),
Chl-a(5m) , T-N(5m)
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Cruise 4 12-15 May 2004 Sal.(0m), Kd490,
Chl-a(0m) Wind
Average wind wind speed 6.4 m/s wind
direction 67 (10-16 May 04)
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Cruise 4 12-15 May 2004 Sal(5m),
CDOM(5m), Chl-a(5m) , T-N(5m)
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• gtHorizontal distributions of coastal water is
  changed by wind and river discharge but no direct
  correlations were found on short term wind field.
  
• gt

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Under Water Light energy PARUpper Gulf of
Thailand
Cruise 1 9-11 Oct 2003
(Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR))
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Under Water Light energy PARUpper Gulf Thailand
Cruise 2 4-6 Dec 2003
(Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR))
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Under Water Light energy PARUpper Gulf Thailand
Cruise 3 13-15 Jan 2004
(Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR))
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Under Water Light energy PARUpper Gulf
Thailand
Cruise 4 12-15 May 2004
(Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR))
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Under Water Light energy PARUpper Gulf Thailand
Cruise 5 7-10 Oct 2004
(Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR))
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Under Water Light energy PARUpper Gulf
Thailand
Cruise 6 26-29 July 2005
(Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR))
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Under Water Light energy PARThe Gulf of
Thailand Andaman Sea
25-29 Nov 2002
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Under Water Light energy PARThe Gulf of
Thailand Andaman Sea
7-14 Feb 2003
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Under Water light energy PAR
CU-1 9-11 Oct 03 3m/s
CU-2 4-6 Dec 03 4m/s
Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR) gt 50 50 - 10 10
1 Dark Transparency (x2)
CU-3 13-15 Jan 04 5m/s
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Under Water light energy PAR
CU-4 12-15 May 04 6m/s
CU-5 7-10 Oct 04 6m/s
Ed (PAR) / Es (PAR) gt 50 50 - 10 10
1 Dark Transparency (x2)
CU-6 26-29 Jul 04 8m/s
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?? ???????????
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Under water light energy

• gtAlthough seasonal change can be seen there is
  enough PAR through water column at the upper
  Gulf.
• gtUnder water light energy is higher than estimate
  by surface observation
• gtThe depth of 1 sky light is deeper than
• two times of Secchi disk transparency.

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Checking the provided algorithms by under water
optical data and sampled water
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Checking the provided algorithms by under water
optical data and sampled water
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Checking the provided algorithms by under water
optical data and sampled water
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(No Transcript)
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Chl-a(mg/m3) 181.39exp(-4.7368R) Where
RRrs(520)/Rrs(565)
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Summary

• gtHorizontal and seasonal distribution of coastal
  water and Underwater optical condition were
  observed.
• gtAlthough the distribution pattern change
  seasonally, direct effect by short period wind is
  not clear yet
• gtEnough light energy is reaching to near bottom
  in this water more than surface observation
  feeling
• gtChl-a, SS, CDOM algorithms for this water were
  suggested.
• gtEach coastal water algorithms should be
  developed or at least validated by each water.