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Chapter 14
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Menu
Homicide Investigation
Scenario Car Rental D.O.A.
Types of Death
Wounds
Asphyxia
Scenario Square Dance Sue
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Homicides
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Homicide
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Homicide
Suicide
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Accidental Causes
Homicide
Suicide
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Accidental Causes
Homicide
Suicide
Natural Causes
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Homicide
The killing of one human being by another.
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Homicide
The killing of one human being by another.
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Homicide
The killing of one human being by another.
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Homicide
The killing of one human being by another.
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Homicide
The killing of one human being by another.
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Homicide

• Justifiable
• Excusable
• Criminal or felonious

Q 2
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Homicide

• Murder
• Felony Murder
• Manslaughter

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Justifiable Homicide
The killing of another in self-defense or.
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Justifiable Homicide
Defense of others when danger or death or
serious bodily injury exists
Q 32
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Excusable Homicide
The killing of a human being without intention,
without gross negligence
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Excusable Homicide
The killing of a human being without intention,
without gross negligence
Q 3, 33
22
Criminal Homicide
(felonious homicide)
The wrongful killing of a human being without
justification, or excuse in the law.
Q 4
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Criminal Homicide
2
Murder Manslaughter
degrees
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Murder
The unlawful killing of a human being by another
with malice aforethought
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Murder
The unlawful killing of a human being by another
with malice aforethought
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Murder
The unlawful killing of a human being by another
with malice aforethought
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Felony Murder
The killing of a person during the commission or
attempted commission
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Felony Murder
of a felony other than murder
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Manslaughter
Unlawful killing of another without malice
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Manslaughter
Voluntary , upon sudden heat of passion
Involuntary- in commission of unlawful act
Q 5, 31
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Motives for Homicide
Unplanned spontaneous murders
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Motives for Homicide
Murder for financial reasons
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Motives for Homicide
Sexually motivated reasons
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Motives for Homicide
Murders for revenge
Q 8
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Motives for Homicide
Elimination murders
Q 36
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Motives for Homicide
Motiveless murders
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Unplanned Spontaneous Murders
Lack planning and premeditation
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Unplanned Spontaneous Murders
Related to opportunity
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Unplanned Spontaneous Murders
Emotional base, swift and sometimes without reason
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Unplanned Spontaneous Murders
Emotional base, swift and sometimes without reason
Q 6
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Murder for Financial Gain
Between people with professional or contractual
relationships
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Murder for Financial Gain
Between people with professional or contractual
relationships
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Murder for Financial Gain
Between people with professional or contractual
relationships
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Murder for Financial Gain
Between people with professional or contractual
relationships
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Murder for Financial Gain
Between people with professional or contractual
relationships
Q 37
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Murder for Financial Gain
Beneficiaries of a will or insurance policy
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Sexually Motivated Murder
Lust Murders
Q 7
48
Sexually Motivated Murder
Intentional or spontaneous
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Sexually Motivated Murder
Secondary aspect of rape or another sex crime
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Sexually Motivated Murder
Victim of this type of murder may not be the
intended target
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Sexually Motivated Murder
Victim may be a friend / relative of the actual
target
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Elimination Murders
Victims are killed to remove them as obstacles
Q 38
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Elimination Murders

• Eye witnesses
• Business rivals

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Elimination Murders

• Suitor for affections
• Rank or political importance

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Elimination Murders

• Suitor for affections
• Rank or political importance

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Motiveless Murders
Categories
Stranger to stranger Mistaken Identity
Q 39
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Stranger to Stranger
Bystanders killed by drive-by shootings
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Stranger to Stranger
Bystanders killed by drive-by shootings
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Stranger to Stranger
or by mistake during the commission of a crime
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Mistaken Identity Murder
Murders with no patterns No reasonable explanation
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Mistaken Identity Murder
Victim was killed by mistake, after being
mistaken for someone else
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Menu
Homicide Investigation
Scenario Car Rental D.O.A.
Types of Death
Wounds
Asphyxia
Scenario Square Dance Sue
64
Homicide Investigation
Joint effort between uniformed officers and
detectives
Q 1
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Homicide Investigation
At the crime scene

• Complete basic priorities
• Attempt to identify the victim

Q 24
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Homicide Investigation
At the crime scene

• Establish cause and time of death
• Develop a list of suspects

Q 11, 40
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Homicide Investigation
When investigators arrive at the crime scene,
one will take charge of all aspects of the case...
Q 20
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Homicide Investigation
Including assignment of tasks at the scene
Q 25
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Forensic Pathology
Specialized field of medicine Studies and
interprets...
Q 9
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Forensic Pathology
Changes in body temperature and fluids in
relation to criminal investigation
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Forensic Pathology
Changes in body temperature and fluids in
relation to criminal investigation
Q 10
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Identifying the Victim
Knowing who the victim is and how the victim was
killed, may help identify a suspect or suspects
Q 41
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Identifying the Victim
Identification May Include

• Fingerprints
• Visual Inspection
• Clothing
• Personal Effects

Q 1
Q 12
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Identifying the Victim
Identification May Include

• Skeletal Studies
• Ondontology
• Photographs
• Tattoos

Q 13
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Identifying the Victim
Identification May Include

• Skeletal Studies
• Ondontology
• Photographs
• Tattoos

• Scars

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Estimating the Time of Death
Investigator and Medical Examiner- responsible
for estimating time of death
Q 42
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Estimating the Time of Death
Several factors used to estimate time of death
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Estimating the Time of Death
Several factors used to estimate time of death
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Estimating the Time of Death
Several factors used to estimate time of death
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Estimating the Time of Death
Several factors used to estimate time of death
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Estimating the Time of Death
Rigor Mortis
A stiffening of the body after death Disappears
over time
Q 15
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Estimating the Time of Death
Cadaveric Spasm
Rigidity of muscles at death
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Estimating the Time of Death
Cadaveric Spasm
Hand closes tightly around an object at death
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Estimating the Time of Death
Livor Mortis
Dark discoloration of the body where the blood
has drained to lowest level
Q 14
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Estimating the Time of Death
Body Temperature
At death, body loses 1 to 1.5 degrees per hour,
until it reaches ambient temperature
Q 16
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Estimating the Time of Death
Body Temperature
At death, body loses 1 to 1.5 degrees per hour,
until it reaches ambient temperature
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Estimating the Time of Death
Body Decomposition
Breaking down of the body due to temperature,
animal and insect attack and tissue decomposition
Q 17
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Estimating the Time of Death
Adipocere
A whitish gray, soapy or waxy substance Forms on
surface of a body left in a damp location for
weeks
Q 18
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Estimating the Time of Death
Carrion Insects
Any insects should be removed after
photographing and sketching
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Estimating the Time of Death
Carrion Insects
Can assist in determining length of time a body
has been exposed to the elements
Q 19
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Forensic Entomologist

Person who specializes in the study of insects in
relation to determining location, time and cause
of death
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Forensic Entomologist

Person who specializes in the study of insects in
relation to determining location, time and cause
of death
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Developing a Suspect
For a suspect in custody
Suggest a polygraph Have suspect reenact crime
and videotape it
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Developing a Suspect
For a suspect in custody
Take photographs of the suspect Check fingerprints
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Developing a Suspect
For a suspect in custody
Collect fingernail clippings and hair samples
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Developing a Suspect
For a suspect in custody
Examine the suspect for wounds or injuries Verify
all statements and alibis of the suspect
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Menu
Homicide Investigation
Scenario Car Rental D.O.A.
Types of Death
Wounds
Asphyxia
Scenario Square Dance Sue
99

Lets Discuss
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Car Rental D.O.A.
The customer dropped off a rental car late at
night at Metro Airport and hurried to his flight

101
Car Rental D.O.A.
The customer dropped off a rental car late at
night at Metro Airport and hurried to his flight

102
Car Rental D.O.A.
The customer dropped off a rental car late at
night at Metro Airport and hurried to his flight

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Car Rental D.O.A.
The customer dropped off a rental car late at
night at Metro Airport and hurried to his flight

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Car Rental D.O.A.
Next morning, car rental agents noticed a puddle
of blood on the pavement below the cars trunk

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Car Rental D.O.A.
Next morning, car rental agents noticed a puddle
of blood on the pavement below the cars trunk

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Car Rental D.O.A.
Next morning, car rental agents noticed a puddle
of blood on the pavement below the cars trunk

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Car Rental D.O.A.
And a body in the trunk of the rental car, whose
blood type matched the stains on
the pavement

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Car Rental D.O.A.
In small groups, discuss

• What clues would you need to help determine
  cause of death?

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Car Rental D.O.A.
In small groups, discuss

• How would you identify the victim?
• How would you determine time of death?

110
Car Rental D.O.A.
In small groups, discuss

• What steps would you take to develop a suspect?

111

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Menu
Homicide Investigation
Scenario Car Rental D.O.A.
Types of Death
Wounds
Asphyxia
Scenario Square Dance Sue
113


Types of Deaths Investigated

• Natural Causes
• Stabbing Cutting wounds

Q 21, 22
114


Types of Deaths Investigated

• Suspicious circumstances
• Suicide
• Poisoning

115


Types of Deaths Investigated

• Gunshot wounds
• Vehicular homicides
• Asphyxia

116


Natural Causes
In Natural Causes, Medical Examiner establishes
cause of death to rule out...
117


Natural Causes

• Unnatural causes
• Determine if death is by accident, suicide or
  homicide

118


Natural Causes

• Eliminate dangerous conditions
• Determine liability

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Suicide
The intentional killing of oneself

• Drowning
• Hanging
• Inhaling gasses

120


Suicide
The intentional killing of oneself

• Gunshot wounds
• Electrocution
• Taking drugs or poison

121


Suicide
The intentional killing of oneself

• Jumping from high places
• Cutting or stabbing self
• Car or airplane crashes

122


Suicide
Suicide Notes are left by 25 of all suicides
Q 27
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Suicide
Suicide Notes are left by 25 of all suicides Not
always conclusive that the death was a suicide
Q 26
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Poisoning

• One of the oldest methods of murder
• Accomplished by a single lethal dose, or several
  small doses over a length of time

Q 28, 29
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Menu
Homicide Investigation
Scenario Car Rental D.O.A.
Types of Death
Wounds
Asphyxia
Scenario Square Dance Sue
127
Gunshot Wounds
Affected by

• Caliber of the weapon
• Distance at which the weapon was fired

128
Gunshot Wounds
Affected by

• Any materials the bullet traveled through
• The shape and nature of the bullet

129
Gunshot Wounds
Affected by
Whether the bullet was fired directly into the
victim or ricocheted off some object
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Gunshot Wounds
Affected by
Whether the bullet was fired directly into the
victim or ricocheted off some object
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Gunshot Wounds
Affected by
Whether the bullet was fired directly into the
victim or ricocheted off some object
132
Gunshot Wounds
Affected by
Whether the bullet was fired directly into the
victim or ricocheted off some object
Q 23
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
A gray ring around a gunshot wound
134
Wipe Ring
(smudging)
A gray ring around a gunshot wound
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
A gray ring around a gunshot wound
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
A gray ring around a gunshot wound
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
A gray ring around a gunshot wound
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
Created by gun powder from gun flash at close
range
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
Created by gun powder from gun flash at close
range
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
Created by gun powder from gun flash at close
range
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
Created by gun powder from gun flash at close
range
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Wipe Ring
(smudging)
Created by gun powder from gun flash at close
range
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Tattooing
Burned skin around a gunshot wound
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Tattooing
Burned skin around a gunshot wound
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Tattooing
Created from hot gunpowder from a gun flash at
very close range
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Menu
Homicide Investigation
Scenario Car Rental D.O.A.
Types of Death
Wounds
Asphyxia
Scenario Square Dance Sue
148
Asphyxia
Death from asphyxiation Caused by lack of oxygen,
excess of carbon dioxide in the blood.
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Asphyxia

• Choking
• Drowning
• Suffocating
• Smothering

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Asphyxia

• Choking
• Drowning
• Suffocating
• Smothering

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Asphyxia
Electrocution
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Asphyxia
Electrocution
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Asphyxia
Electrocution
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Asphyxia
Electrocution
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Strangulation
Caused by external pressure closing the airway,
or...
156
Strangulation
Compressing the carotid artery in the neck
Graphic
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Hanging
Most hangings - suicide Some hangings -
accidental Only pressure needed to cause death
159
Hanging
Most hangings - suicide Some hangings -
accidental Only pressure needed to cause death
Q 30
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Smothering
Uncommon mode of murder Mostly accidental among
people who are
161
Smothering
Under the influence of drugs or alcohol Invalids,
aged, infirm or infants
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Choking
Involves a foreign substance or object blocking
the throat and airway
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Choking
Involves a foreign substance or object blocking
the throat and airway
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Choking
Involves a foreign substance or object blocking
the throat and airway
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Choking
Involves a foreign substance or object blocking
the throat and airway
166
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Death may be an accident, suicide, or a homicide
made to look like a suicide
167
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Death may be an accident, suicide, or a homicide
made to look like a suicide
168
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Caused by an odorless, colorless gas Sources are
unvented or poorly vented gas heaters
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Major Source Automobile exhaust from defective
muffler systems
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Major Source Automobile exhaust from defective
muffler systems
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Major Source Automobile exhaust from defective
muffler systems
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Major Source Automobile exhaust from defective
muffler systems
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Causes death by combining with hemoglobin
-blocking the hemoglobin from combining with
oxygen
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Causes death by combining with hemoglobin
-blocking the hemoglobin from combining with
oxygen
co
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
O
Causes death by combining with hemoglobin
-blocking the hemoglobin from combining with
oxygen
2
co
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
O
Causes death by combining with hemoglobin
-blocking the hemoglobin from combining with
oxygen
2
co
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
O
Causes death by combining with hemoglobin
-blocking the hemoglobin from combining with
oxygen
2
co
178
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
O
Causes death by combining with hemoglobin
-blocking the hemoglobin from combining with
oxygen
2
co
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Causes death by combining with hemoglobin
-blocking the hemoglobin from combining with
oxygen
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Volatile Intoxicant Sniffing

All substances that when inhaled, produce altered
states of consciousness
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Volatile Intoxicant Sniffing

All substances that when inhaled, produce altered
states of consciousness
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Volatile Intoxicant Sniffing

• Ether
• Nitrous Oxide
• Paint Thinner
• Model Airplane Glue
• Gasoline

183
Drug Overdose
Condition in which respiratory center of central
nervous system is depressed by certain drugs

184
Drug Overdose
Condition in which respiratory center of central
nervous system is depressed by certain drugs

185
Drug Overdose
Condition in which respiratory center of central
nervous system is depressed by certain drugs

186
Drug Overdose
Condition in which respiratory center of central
nervous system is depressed by certain drugs

187
Drug Overdose
Muscle paralysis can occur - including muscles
needed for respiration

188
Autoerotic Asphyxia
(Gasping)
Accidental death due to asphyxia - while seeking
sexual gratification by bringing oneself to near
asphyxia

189
Autoerotic Asphyxia
Accidental death due to asphyxia - while seeking
sexual gratification by bringing oneself to near
asphyxia

190
Autoerotic Asphyxia
Accidental death due to asphyxia - while seeking
sexual gratification by bringing oneself to near
asphyxia

191
Drowning
Any liquid entering the breathing passages
and preventing the access of air to the

lungs
192
Vehicular Homicides
Many jurisdictions employ same statutes as for
general murder and manslaughter - death by
negligent drivers
193
Vehicular Homicides
Many jurisdictions employ same statutes as for
general murder and manslaughter - death by
negligent drivers

194
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Violent, sudden, unusual deaths

Q 35
195
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Unattended deaths

196
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Deaths from known or suspected self-induced or
  criminal abortions

197
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Deaths from known or suspected homicides,
  suicides or accidental poisoning

198
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Deaths from known or suspected homicides,
  suicides or accidental poisoning

199
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Deaths from drowning, fire, hanging, gunshot,
  stabbing

200
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Deaths from cuttings, exposure, starvation
  alcoholism, drug addiction or asphyxiation

201
Suspicious Circumstances
Coroners Office will investigate

• Deaths associated with rape, aggravated assault
  or sodomy

202

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Menu
Homicide Investigation
Scenario Car Rental D.O.A.
Types of Death
Wounds
Asphyxia
Scenario Square Dance Sue
204

Lets Discuss
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Square Dance Sue
Sue loved to dance, but her husband Sam was old
and in a wheelchair
206
Square Dance Sue
Sam would drive Sue to the weekly square dances
and spend the night waiting in his truck
207
Square Dance Sue
As Sue danced the night away with several
admirers
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Square Dance Sue
As Sue danced the night away with several
admirers
209
Square Dance Sue
As Sue danced the night away with several
admirers
210
Square Dance Sue
As Sue danced the night away with several
admirers
211
Square Dance Sue
As Sue danced the night away with several
admirers
212
Square Dance Sue
One evening Sue brought Sam a sandwich and a cup
of coffee
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Square Dance Sue
One evening Sue brought Sam a sandwich and a cup
of coffee
214
Square Dance Sue
Shortly after drinking the coffee, Sam keeled
over dead
215
Square Dance Sue
Shortly after drinking the coffee, Sam keeled
over dead
216
Square Dance Sue
The bartender called the emergency number
217
Square Dance Sue
An autopsy revealed nothing and the death
certificate stated natural causes
218
Square Dance Sue
Sue was set to inherit a lot of money from the
death of Sam
219
Square Dance Sue
Sue was set to inherit a lot of money from the
death of Sam
Sue
220
Square Dance Sue
Sams son believed that his father may have been
murdered, and requested the police to investigate
further
221
Square Dance Sue
A bottle of strychnine was found under the porch
near Sams truck
222
Square Dance Sue
And the intact label of a local pharmacy was on
the bottle
223
Square Dance Sue
And the intact label of a local pharmacy was on
the bottle
224
Square Dance Sue
During the investigation, the bartender told
police that Sue had spilled coffee
225
Square Dance Sue
on another dancer as she was bringing it to Sam
226
Square Dance Sue
As the investigator
Do you have enough evidence to pursue a formal
investigation? Who would you interview?
227
Square Dance Sue
As the investigator
Do you have enough evidence to file formal
charges? What do you do next?
228
(No Transcript)