Brain anatomy: Diencephalon

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Brain anatomy Diencephalon
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The diencephalon includes

• the thalamus and its geniculate bodies,
• the hypothalamus,
• the subthalamus,
• the epithalamus.
• The third ventricle lies between the halves of
  the diencephalon.

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• These structures are important for regulation of
  basic functions and linkage of basic functions to
  more complex functions such as movement
• Thalamus is a grey mass of nuclei.

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THALAMUS

• Each half of the brain contains a thalamus, a
  large, ovoid, gray mass of nuclei

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Functional Divisionsof the thalamus

• The thalamus is thought to be the crucial
  structure for the perception of some types of
  sensation, especially pain, and the sensory
  cortex may give finer detail to the sensation.

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Hypothalamus has important regulatory functions

• Temperature
• Emotional regulation
• Growth (via thyroid stimulating hormone)
• Hunger and thirst
• Sexual behaviour
• Defensive reactions eg fear, rage
• Control of various endocrine and activity rhythms
  (via hormones

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Hypothalamus

• Also thought to be important in memory
• Right visual memory
• Left verbal memory