Chapter 14 The Renaissance and Reformation Section 1 The Italian Renaissance

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Chapter 14 - The Renaissance and Reformation
Section 1 - The Italian Renaissance
Vitruvian man by Leonardo da Vinci, 1492
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This century, wrote philosopher Marsilio
Ficino, like a golden age has restored to light
the liberal arts, which were almost extinct
grammar, poetry, rhetoric, painting, sculpture,
architecture, music. What a glorious time to be
alive, he thought As Ficino recognized, a new age
had dawned in Western Europe. Europeans called it
the Renaissance, meaning rebirth. It began in
the 1300s and reached its peak around 1500.
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I. The Italian City-States

• Result of a new interest in the cultures of
  ancient Greece and Rome

SPQR Senatus Populusque Romanus ("The Senate
and Roman People")
Greek Pantheon
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I. The Italian City-States

• Began in Italy - cities became centers of trade
  and manufacturing

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I. The Italian City-States

• Florence came to symbolize the Italian Renaissance

Skyline of Florence with the Duomo cathedral (R)
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I. The Italian City-States

• The wealthy merchant class promoted cultural
  rebirth

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I. The Italian City-States

• Wealthy patrons played a major role by sponsoring
  artists

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I. The Italian City-States

• The Medici Family of Florence were some of the
  richest bankers and merchants in Europe

Bottecilli's "The Adoration of the Magi" (1476)
with the Medici family and friends
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I. The Italian City-States

• Lorenzo Medici was a patron supporting poets,
  philosophers, and artists

Raphael's Lorenzo de' Medici
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II. What was the Renaissance?

• A change in the way people viewed themselves and
  their world

Auguste Rodin - The Thinker
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II. What was the Renaissance?

• Renaissance thinkers explored the human
  experience in the here and now

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II. What was the Renaissance?

• It also supported a spirit of adventure

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III. Humanism

• Focused on worldly subjects rather than only
  religious issues

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III. Humanism

• Emphasis was on education and individual
  achievement

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III. Humanism

• Based on study of classical culture grammar,
  rhetoric, poetry, and history

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III. Humanism

• Believed education should stimulate the
  individuals creative powers

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IV. A Golden Age in the Arts

• Renaissance art reflected humanist concerns

The Birth Of Venus by Sandro Botticelli (1485)
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IV. The Arts

• Artists developed techniques such as perspective
  for realistic paintings

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IV. The Arts

• Architects adopted Greek and Roman
• columns, arches, and domes

Roman Aqueducts
The Pantheon in Rome
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IV. The Arts

• Three of the most celebrated artists were
  Leonardo da Vinci

Mona Lisa
Self-portrait
Vitruvian man
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• Michelangelo

The Pieta
David
The Creation of Adam
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• Raphael

Raphaels School of Athens is famous for
depicting figures of the Classical past with the
features of his Renaissance contemporaries
The Crucifixion
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IV. The Arts

• Renaissance writers included Castiglione and
  Machiavelli

Baldassare Castiglione
Niccolò Machiavelli