Russian Classical Psychology vs Cartesian dualism as an original sin of psychology

1
Russian Classical Psychology vs Cartesian
dualism as an original sin of psychology

• Alexander Simakin

2

• It should be said in all fairness that mentioned
  by Vygotsky psychological crisis is not
  overcome even now. In spite of all theoretic
  achievements the prevailing concepts of human
  being stay mythological. They lead away a human
  from real terrestrial ways of development into
  illusory way of heavenly-spiritual perfection.

3

• Bewitched, perverted and stood upside down
  world (Marx) where the social division of labour
  with its partly forms of being is ruling and
  alienates each individual from universal basics
  of his life, - that is Pandora's box which
  generates all modern mythologems in humans
  everyday and pseudoscientific self-consciousness.

4

• The task of academic research and revolutionary
  humanism (the conjunction and is excessive,
  mentioned notions are equivalent) is a consistent
  rational critic of illusions of anthropological
  and psychological mythology and its earthly
  contradictory basics from a position of reason
  good and beauty. This position starting from
  Heraclitus till Hegel and Marx was the position
  of classic philosophic and psychological thought.
  

5

• The modern psychology, being born in the last
  half of the XIX century as an independent
  discipline, declared that it would be oriented on
  experimental, objective method of natural
  sciences. But this was none of any trouble. The
  original sin of new psychology consists of the
  positivistic refusal from classical philosophic
  and psychological heritage, in refusal from
  dialectic as from speculative metaphysics. This
  psychology illegally assign a name classical
  psychology, while its genuine name is positivist
  psychology. Here is the main root of all
  crises, here the time turned out of joint.

6

• Dialectic is not an optional optic to see the
  world through it is rooted in the very being, in
  its intrinsic nature. The disregard of dialectic
  avenged positivist science splitting it into
  logically incompatible oppositions of
  deterministic physiological and subjective
  introspectionist psychologies, into many
  directions and schools in which as in broken
  mirror a human can see himself/herself as
  stimulus-reactive marionette or more often as
  free but bodiless soul. The Descarts lesson of
  dialectic remains urgent in new Millennium.

7

• The revolutionary changes in the historical life
  of peoples of XVII-XIX centuries stimulated the
  revolutionary dialectic-psychological insights of
  Descart, Spinoza, Kant, Fichte, Hegel and Marx. A
  century later the Russian Revolution gave birth
  to the new revolutionary direction in psychology
  initiated by Lev Vygotsky which had right to be
  called Russian Classical (Dialectical)
  Psychology. The greatest Vygotskys theoretic
  merit was the understanding of meaning of
  psycho-physical problem the problem of human
  freedom as the central dialectic problem of
  psychology. The same problem lied in the focus of
  theoretic interests of Leontev, who tried to
  solve it with the help of idea of object oriented
  activity, of Bernshtein, Galperin, Davidov,
  Mikhailov, and many others. Meanwhile the
  decisive step forward in the issue was done by
  Ilenkov with his Spinozian idea of thinking
  body and category of ideality. So we can
  estimate Ilenkov as a full member of Russian
  Classical Psychology school as well as a founder
  of Dialectical Psychology.