Overview of The Immune System:

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Overview of The Immune System

• Chapter 1

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Outline for Lectures 2 3

• The immune system is designed to eliminate
  pathogens.
• Who are the infectious agents?
• Overview of the two arms of the immune system
  innate immunity adaptive immunity.
• What are the cell types involved with immune
  responses?
• What are the important immunological tissues?

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Parham, p. 3

• How do pathogens enter into the human body?

• What barriers are present in the human body to
  prevent entry/infection by pathogens?

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Would the immune response towards each type of
pathogen be identical?

• Parham, p. 4

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(acquired)
Humoral immunity Cell Mediated Immunity
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Comparison of Innate Immunity to Adaptive Immunity

• Parham, P. 9

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The relationship between innate adaptive Immune
responses

• p. 228

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• The innate immune response is essential for
  elimination of a pathogen but not sufficient.
• The adaptive immune response requires certain key
  players of the innate immune response to become
  activated.

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The components of the immune system

• Overview of Cell Types important in immunology

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Where do the cells of the immune system come from?

• Leukocytes-
• Hematopoiesis
• Hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow
• Undifferentiated
• Pluripotent
• Self-renewing

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• Progenitors-Not self-renewing-Committed to
  differentiation

• Granulocyte/
• macrophage
• progenitor

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What stimulates the differentiation of stem cells
progenitor cells?

• Hematopoietic Inducing Microenvironment
• Requires bone marrow stromal cells growth
  factors (cytokines).

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The leukocytes (WBC)

• Kuby Immunology

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The Cells Important in Immunology

• A Closer Look

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Lymphocytes

• B lymphocytes (B cells)
• T lymphocytes (T cells)
• Important for the adaptive immune response.

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• B cells
• Surface receptor Immunoglobulin (Ig).
• Humoral Immunity.

kuby
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T cells

• Helper T cells (Th cells)
• T cell Receptor (TCR)
• CD4
• Produce cytokines direct immune responses.

• Cytotoxic T cells (Tc or CTL)
• TCR
• CD8
• Cytotoxic