Introduction to Histology

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Introduction to Histology

• Four basic tissue types
• Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
• All animals are composed of ONLY these four
  tissue types
• Tissue types are organized to form organs, which
  form the functional systems of the body

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Epithelial tissue

• Function covers the internal and external
  surfaces of the body
• Four types Squamous, cuboidal, columnar, and
  transitional
• Organized in layers simple or stratified

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Examples Epithelial

• Transitional epithelial found in the bladder
• Stretches as the bladder becomes full

p. 158 F draw above
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Examples Epithelial

• Simple squamous lines blood vessels and lungs
• Allows for increased blood flow and increased
  oxygen diffusion

p. 157 A
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Examples Epithelial

• Stratified squamous lines the mouth, esophagus,
  cervix and skin
• Several layers offers protection to outer layers
  and membranes of body.

p. 157 B
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Examples Epithelial

• Simple columnar digestive tracts
• Cells mixed with goblet cells that secrete mucous
  to aid in digestion

p. 158 D
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Connective

• Function Bind and support other tissues
• Several types
• Bone
• Blood
• CT proper dense and loose
• Adipose
• Cartilage

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Examples Connective

• CT proper
• Loose ECM
• Dense tendons and ligaments

p. 159 A
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Examples Connective

• Bone

p. 161 E
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Examples Connective

• Blood
• To circulate materials throughout the organism
• RBCs contain hemoglobin to allow for oxygen to
  be carried to the tissues.

p. 160 C
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Examples Connective

• Cartilage vary in of fibers
• Hyaline ribs, trachea
• Elastic ears, larynx
• Fibro spinal chord

p. 160 D
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Examples Connective

• Adipose tissue
• Insulation
• Storage

p. 159 A
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Muscle tissue

• Function Able to contract for locomotion.
• Three types skeletal, cardiac and smooth

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Muscle tissue

• Skeletal voluntary, striated, multinucleate
  cells
• Muscles attached to bones for voluntary movement

p. 161 A
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Muscle tissue

• Smooth
• Non-striated, spindle-shaped, uni-nucleate
  involuntary cells
• Muscles found in digestive tract, respiratory
  tract, etc.

p. 161 B
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Muscle tissue

• Cardiacinvoluntary, striated, branched,
  uni-nucleate cells
• Only found in the heart

p. 161 D
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Nervous tissue

• Function Respond to
• stimuli and transmit impulses.
• Cells are called neurons
• Composed of cell body, axon and dendrites.
• Single cell may run up to several feet long.

p. 161 IV
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Mystery Slides Lab activity

• Pick a Partner
• Go online and view the Mystery Slides in the
  Jost Student Histology Powerpoint on the
  Biology 102 website.
• In each case, healthy tissue is on left and
  diseased/damaged tissue is on right.

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• Blocked coronary artery

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• Alveoli of lungs with pneumonia

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• Emphysema in alveoli of lungs

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• Sickle cell anemia

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• Parkinsons disease

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• Cervical Human papillomavirus

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• Herpes on esophagus

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• Osteoporosis

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• Infected mammary gland from silicone leak

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• Stomach ulcer

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• Cardiac tissue after cocaine use

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• Cardiac tissue following myocardial infarction