Foundations

1
Foundations

• What is communication?
• A dynamic, ongoing, transactional process
• Whereby people create shared meaning
• Through the sending and receiving of messages
• Via socially shared codes
• Key concepts
• Speaker, message, channel, receiver, feedback,
  noise, context

2
Functions of Communication

• Basic function is to achieve understanding or
  shared meaning.
• Other functions
• Inform
• Persuade
• Entertain
• Manage relationships

3
Goals of Communication

• Clark Delias three biggies
• Identity
• Instrumental
• Interpersonal

4
Conversation vs. Public Speaking

• Key Differences
• Public speaking
• is more highly structured
• requires more formal language
• requires a different method of delivery
• Key Similarities
• Similar goals (inform, persuade, entertain)
• Similar skills (logic, tailoring message,
  storytelling, adapting to feedback)

5
Stage Fright

• Be assured that it is completely normal!
• Tips
• Think positively
• Be at your best when you have to speak
• Concentrate on sending your message rather than
  your nervousness
• Take a few deep breaths before starting to speak
• Pay special attention to your introduction
• Make eye contact with audience members
• Use well designed/chosen visual aids

6
Impromptu Speaking

• Impromptu speeches are presented with little or
  no preparation.
• 4 steps to organize your thoughts quickly
• State the point/question to which you are
  responding.
• State the point you want to make.
• Use whatever support you have (examples,
  statistics, or testimony).
• Summarize your point.

7
Suggestions for Impromptus

• Quickly jot down a brief outline.
• Try to remain calm and assured.
• Audience members cannot tell how nervous you are.
• Making a speech is not a catastrophe.
• Maintain strong eye contact with the audience.
• Concentrate on speaking at a clear, deliberate
  pace.
• Use signposts (first, second, etc. to help
  the audience track of your ideas).