Awareness Overview

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Awareness Overview
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Where Are We?

• Introduction
• Awareness of Hazardous Materials
• Detecting Hazardous Materials
• Identification and Hazard Assessment
• Conclusion

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Hazardous Materials(Dangerous Goods)

• Any substance that poses an unreasonable risk
  to life, the environment, or property when not
  properly contained

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Identifying the Problem

• Increasing number of incidents
• Increasing hazardous materials legislation

Number of incidents reported annually in U.S.
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Identifying the Problem

• Resolution is the responsibility of many agencies
• Past training stresses taking immediate action
  while minimizing the importance of personal safety

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Basic Safety Guidelines Risk Reduction Through
Training

• Observe safety standards

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Basic Safety Guidelines Safety entails basic
common sense

• Protect yourself from injury!

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Basic Safety Guidelines Department of
Transportation

• When approaching incident
• Approach cautiously from upwind

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Basic Safety Guidelines Department of
Transportation

• When approaching incident
• Approach cautiously
• Secure the scene

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Basic Safety Guidelines Department of
Transportation

• When approaching incident
• Approach cautiously
• Secure the scene
• Identify the hazards

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Basic Safety Guidelines Department of
Transportation

• When approaching incident
• Approach cautiously
• Secure the scene
• Identify the hazards
• Assess the situation

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Basic Safety Guidelines Department of
Transportation

• When approaching incident
• Approach cautiously
• Secure the scene
• Identify the hazards
• Assess the situation
• Obtain help

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Basic Safety Guidelines Department of
Transportation

• When approaching incident
• Approach cautiously
• Secure the scene
• Identify the hazards
• Assess the situation
• Obtain help
• Decide on site entry

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Basic Safety Guidelines Department of
Transportation

• When approaching incident
• Approach cautiously
• Secure the scene
• Identify the hazards
• Assess the situation
• Obtain help
• Decide on site entry
• Respond

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Above all

• Do not walk into or touch spilled material
• Do not inhale fumes, smoke, or vapors, even if no
  dangerous goods are known to be involved
• Do not assume gases or vapors are harmless
  because of a lack of a smell...odorless gases or
  vapors may be harmful
• Use caution when handling empty containers

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Why there are no HazMat experts

• The scope of knowledge required is too broad !

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HazMat Response Associated Disciplines

• Industrial hygiene
• Mechanical engineering
• Toxicology
• Biological science
• Environmental protection
• Physics

• Radiation science
• Chemistry
• Fire safety
• Waste management
• Chemical engineering

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New and Changing Knowledge

• The field of hazardous materials incident
  management is dynamic.
• Hazardous Materials Incident Management is
  constantly changing
• New chemicals are synthesized each day
• Old chemicals are used in new and different ways

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New Knowledge Becomes Obsolete Quickly

• Much data is outdated before it is released in
  printed form.
• Keeping current is an absolutely vital task of
  the dedicated professional.
• There are few fields of professional endeavor
  that require more thorough study of changing
  problems, techniques, and technologies.

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No one is a walking encyclopedia
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Purpose of Intervention

• To change the sequence of natural events in order
  to
• minimize the harm that would naturally occur

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To Reduce Harm to Exposures

• Predict the natural outcome

Stabilization will occur naturally
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To Reduce Harm to Exposures conduct risk/benefit
analysis
Risk
Benefit
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Risk vs. Benefit

• The benefit achieved
• (reducing naturally occurring harm)
• should exceed the risk
• (harm attributed to intervention)

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What are the outcomes of natural stabilization?
Can I favorably change the outcome of natural
stabilization by my intervention?
Do nothing exceptprotect exposures
No
Yes
Do nothing exceptprotect exposures
Does the benefit of intervention exceed the risk
involved?
No
Yes
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Establishing Response Guidelines and Priorities

• Designing procedures
• for all situations
• is not practical

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Basic Priorities Life Comes First

• Life
• Environment
• Property / equipment

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Priority 1 Life Safety
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Priority 2 Protecting the Environment
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Priority 3 Protecting Property / Equipment
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What does it all mean?
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Scene 1
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Scene 2
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Regulatory Mandates for Training

• 29 CFR 1910.120
• Code of Federal Regulations
• OAR 437-02-100
• Oregon Administrative Rules

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Levels of Emergency ResponseOSHA Levels

• OnScene Incident Commander
• Hazardous Materials Specialist
• Hazardous Materials Technician
• First Responder (Operations Level)
• First Responder (Awareness Level)

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OSHA First Responder Awareness

• Recognizes a hazardous material release
• Notifies proper authorities
• Takes no further action

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OSHA First Responder Operations

• Responds to release
• Protects exposures
• Acts in a defensive mode

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OSHA First Responder Operations

• Function
• To contain the release from a safe distance
• To keep it from spreading
• To prevent exposures

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OSHA Hazardous Materials Technician

• Responds offensively to stop release

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OSHA Hazardous Materials Specialist

• Responds with and supports HazMat Technicians
• Duties require specialized expertise
• Acts as site liaison

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OSHA On-Scene Incident Commander

• Assumes control of the incident scene beyond the
  First Responder Awareness level

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Requirements for Local Emergency Response
Planning

• 1. Pre-emergency planning and coordination with
  outside parties
• 2. Personnel roles, lines of authority, training
  and communication

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Requirements for Local Emergency Response
Planning

• 1. Pre-emergency planning and coordination with
  outside parties
• 2. Personnel roles, lines of authority, training
  and communication
• 3. Emergency recognition and prevention
• 4. Safe distances and places of refuge

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Requirements for Local Emergency Response
Planning

• 1. Pre-emergency planning and coordination with
  outside parties
• 2. Personnel roles, lines of authority, training
  and communication
• 3. Emergency recognition and prevention
• 4. Safe distances and places of refuge
• 5. Site security and control
• 6. Evacuation routes and procedures

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Requirements for Local Emergency Response
Planning

• 7. Decontamination
• 8. Emergency medical treatment and first aid
• 9. Emergency alerting and response procedures

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Requirements for Local Emergency Response
Planning

• 7. Decontamination
• 8. Emergency medical treatment and first aid
• 9. Emergency alerting and response procedures
• 10. Critique of response and followup
• 11. Personal protective clothing and emergency
  equipment

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Local Emergency Plan
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Local Emergency Plan

• Has your organization developed its own local
  emergency response plan?
• or
• Has your organization adopted a plan that was
  already in existence?

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Standard Operating Procedures

• Develop federally mandated plan elements into
  SOPs
• SOPs allow all personnel to understand the
  operational concepts being used
• SOPs can become part of the Local Emergency
  Response Plan by being used to meet specific plan
  elements

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Standard Operating Procedures (S.O.P.)

• Has your organization developed SOPs?
• or
• Has your organization adopted another
  organization's SOPs?

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Review

• Definition of hazardous materials
• Identifying the hazardous materials problem
• Basic safety guidelines
• Why there are no HazMat experts
• Purpose of intervention

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Review

• Establishing response guidelines and priorities
• Legislative mandates for training
• OSHA levels of emergency response training
• Requirements for local emergency response planning

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Summary
safety
at all times!!

• Think

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