Ozone Testing on Honey Bee Equipment

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Ozone Testing on Honey Bee Equipment

• By
• Elmer James
• Martin James
• Karla James Shelton
• Of
• Slide Ridge Honey
• Mendon, Utah
• June 9, 2008

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Assisted by

• O3 Company, Aberdeen, Idaho
• USDA-ARS Bee Research Lab, Beltsville
• Utah Dept. of Agriculture, Salt Lake City
• USDA-ARS Pollinating Insect Research Unit, Logan,
  Utah
• Ozone Research Equipment, Akron, Ohio

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Lab Facilities

• Small Test Chamber at Ozone Research Equipment in
  Akron, Ohio
• Lab Testing at USDA-ARS Beltsville Bee Lab in
  Beltsville, Maryland.
• Lab Testing at Utah Dept of Agriculture in Salt
  Lake City, Utah
• Lab Assistance from USDA-ARS Bee Lab in Logan,
  Utah.

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Full Scale Field Testing

• Ozone room constructed at Slide Ridge Honey in
  Mendon, Utah
• Size 20 ft. X 15 ft. X 10 ft.
• Large ozone generator unit 2050-088, double
  chamber type manufactured by O3 company in
  Aberdeen, Idaho.
• Monitor with range 0 to 2000 PPM provided by O3
  company.

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Ozone Room
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Ozone Room Sealed
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Ozone Generator
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Ozone Generator Inside
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Ozone Monitor
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Ozone Test Start up Number 1
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Ozone Test Start up Number 2
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Ozone Test Start up Number 3
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Ozone Test Start up Number 4
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Ozone Test Run Number 2
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Ozone Test Run Number 3
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Ozone Test Run Number 4
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Part of Ozone Test Run Number 4 (USU Data Logger)
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Ozone Test Run Number 5
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Ozone Test Run Number 5 (USU Data Logger Record)
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Observations

• Pesticides residue destroyed.
• Herbicides residue destroyed.
• Wax moth destroyed, inactive remains.
• Gasoline residue destroyed on outer surface
  during run 5 on a customers Hives.
• Comb readily accepted by Honey Bees.
• Dry Rot fungus may be stopped.

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Observations Cont.

• Foundation purchased several years ago was never
  acceptable to our Honey Bees. Now that this
  foundation has been submitted to Ozone they seem
  to readily move on to it and start building comb.

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Items not Subdued

• FOULBROOD
• More testing required with different techniques.

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State of Utah Lab Tests

• 2008-8 Control Sample of Beeswax Pollen with no
  Pesticides applied after Ozone treatment.
• 2008-9 Beeswax Pollen with Fluvalinate applied
  and then treated with Ozone.
• 2008-10 Beeswax Pollen with Amitraz applied and
  then treated with Ozone.

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State of Utah Sample 2008-8
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State of Utah Sample 2008-9
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State of Utah Sample 2008-10
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Wax Moth Damage

• Comb with severe wax moth damage has never been
  acceptable to our Honey Bees, therefore these
  frames were disposed of in our operation.
• Same severe damaged comb, Ozone treated, is very
  acceptable, the bees move right on to it and
  starting cleaning out the cells for reuse. Refuse
  dumped on bottom board by the bees, tip hive and
  scrap out.

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Typical Wax Moth Damage
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Typical Damaged Frame After Ozone Treatment
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Drying out Equipment

• The Ozone process seems to dry out all of the
  equipment, boxes, frames, comb, pallets, etc.
• O3 CO theorizes that dry air input as the
  carrier for the Ozone gas is absorbing the
  moisture from the equipment.

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Room Pressure Exhaust With Charcoal Filter
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Air Circulation In Ozone Room, NO Rubber or
Urethane Belts
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Air Circulation in Ozone Room Requires Direct
Drive Blower
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Coding of Equipment Processed Through Ozone
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Coded Hive Box Frames
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Restack Hive Boxes to Allow Better Air Circulation
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Locate Ozone Sensor Near Top of Equipment Being
Processed
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Depressurize ducting, route outside of building
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Cost

• Ozone generator 3,000.00 per month lease.
• Electric power 194.94.
• Frames processed 8,880.
• Labor 0.00.
• Cost per brood frame 0.36 each.
• Not included, improvement to boxes, pallets,
  lids, etc.

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End Result of Ozone Treated Equipment. (30 Day
Nuc)
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Honey Bee Care

• Bees shown in slides have been treated for Mites,
  Nosema, Foulbrood, and Chalkbrood.
• Their diet has been supplemented with Bee-Pro
  other additives.

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Conclusions by Slide Ridge Honey

• All Dead Out Hives should be processed in an
  Ozone Chamber before attempting to raise Honey
  Bees in them.
• We consider placing Honey Bees in unprocessed
  Dead Out Hives, a waste of time and money.

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Conclusions Continued

• Why does Ozone Treatment Work?
• This was the first full scale Ozone Test under
  field conditions, and we know a number of items
  that are being destroyed, however we may have
  wiped out other detrimental elements that need to
  be known and requires further Lab Research.

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Comments

• We wish to acknowledge the USU Bee Lab and their
  staff for coming up with the idea of using Ozone
  to purify Bee Hives, and now that we have proven
  that the idea is economically feasible by Bee
  Keepers at the commercial level, we encourage USU
  Bee Lab to enlarge this research program at the
  earliest opportunity.

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Comments Continued

• We believe that with Ozone Processing and proper
  nutrition, CCD may disappear from the Bee Keeping
  operation.
• We believe that our two biggest problems in bee
  keeping are pesticides/herbicides being returned
  to the hive poor honey bee nutrition.

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Factor

• We need for the Lab to establish a factor that
  relates
• Time in Ozone chamber to PPM of Ozone
• This would allow us to cut cost on power
  consumption and/or equipment size.
• We are also of the opinion that the Logan Bee Lab
  is in the best position to conduct this Research.

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Distribution

• USDA-ARS Bee Lab
• 5310 Old Main Hill
• Room 253
• Logan, Utah 84322-5310
• Dr. Rosalind James
• Craig Huntzinger
• Ellen Klinger

• State of Utah
• Dept. of Agriculture Food
• 350 N. Redwood Road
• Salt Lake City, Utah 84114-6500
• Danielle Downey
• Dr. David Clark

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Distribution Cont.

• Beltsville Bee Lab
• Room 211
• 10300 Baltimore AV.
• Building 476 BARC-East
• Beltsville, MD 20705
• Bart Smith
• Jeffery Pettis

• O3 Manufacturing
• 2775 West 1800 South
• Aberdeen, Idaho 83210
• Lynn Johnson
• 208-397-3033
• 208-220-1288 cell

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Distribution Cont.

• Ozone Research Equipment Company
• 221 Beaver Street
• Akron, Ohio 44304
• Ron Brainard
• 800-742-8535

• Bee Keepers
• Newswander Brothers Honey
• Pendell Apiaries
• Homan McMaster Apiaries
• Mike Brockman

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Distribution Cont.

• Suppliers
• Mann Lake Ltd.
• Stuart Volby
• 501 1st. St. South
• Hackensack, MN
• 800-880-7694