JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT

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JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT AIST - Biomass
Technology Research Center and UFRJ Chemistry
Institute
01/07/2008
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COLLABORATION AREA Research on Sustainable
Biofuel Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass
Resources
01/07/2008
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PRINCIPLES

• Sustainable zero-carbon emission total system of
  biofuels production
• No competition with food production
• Bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass resources
• Mainly from sugarcane biomass residue (bagasse)
• Using non- acidic pretreatments
• Enzymatic hydrolysis
• Ethanol fermentation

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Estimate for 2008 (April 29th)

• Biggest production ever

From 607.8 to 631.5 million tons of sugarcane
will be harvested
Brazil will produce 26.4 - 27.4 billion liters of
ethanol
4.2 billion liters will be exported (2.5 billion
liters to the USA)
Figures are 14.9 to 19.4 higher in comparison
to 2007
Source www.conab.gov.br
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Biomass Ethanol
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Sugarcane Plantation
Mechanized?Straw
Haverst
Non mechanized
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Ethanol from Biomass Residue
Straw and/or Bagasse ? ETHANOL
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ENZYMATIC Saccharification
Buffer treated corn stover
Enzyme treated corn stover
Acknowledgement NREL - USA
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Bagasse production and availability/year (kg)
Theoretical ethanol yield from sugarcane biomass
cellulose  
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ETHANOL PRODUCTION VIA ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF
SUGAR-CANE BAGASSE AND STRAW BRAZILIAN
BIOETHANOL PROJECT Elba P. S. Bon - Scientific
Coordinator Chemistry Institute Federal
University of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil elba1996_at_iq.
ufrj.br
01/07/2008
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The BIO-ETHANOL Project - Synopsis
RESEARCH NETWORK to develop in Brazil the
technology for the conversion of the sugarcane
biomass (bagasse and straw) into fuel ethanol
using enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Main Research Areas

• Development of biomass pre-treatment processes
  for sugar cane bagasse and straw
• Raw and pre-treated biomass characterization
• Cellulases / xylanases production
• Enzymatic hydrolysis
• Sugars syrups characterization
• Ethanol fermentation (C6)
• C5 sugars and lignin uses
• Energy optimisation
• Effluents and water

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Process Overview
Pre-treatment

• Steam explosion
• Milling

Pre treatment
Sugarcane biomass
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Harvest
Fermentation
Destilation
Ethanol
Enzyme Production
Trichoderma reesei RUT C30 and Aspergillus awamori
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Enzymes Production Area
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Principles

• Enzyme cost contribution and effectiveness
  depends on the biomass source and pre-treatment
  conditions
• Development of tailored made enzyme blends for
  sugarcane biomass
• Use of crude cellulase/xylanase /accessory
  enzymes preparations
• In house production to reduce cost

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Sugarcane bagasse enzymatic hydrolysis using
Trichoderma reesei cellulase
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BIOMASS
Sugarcane Bagasse
Treated Sugarcane Bagasse
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HYDROLYSIS RESULTS
Hydrolysis of STEAM TREATED bagasse in presence
of an ACID CATALYST Lund University (STBA -
53 cellulose)
FPU/BGU LAC 1 CG 220 0,70 Spezyme CP 0,75
HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS Volume 100 mL Bagasse
conc. 25 g/L ENZYME LOAD 10 FPU/G

• ENZYMES
• GC 220 (Genencor)
• Spezyme CP (Genencor)
• Produced on lactose (LAC)

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Preliminary hydrolysis experiments using milled
Eucalyptus provided by the AIST Biomass Research
Centre JAPAN
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HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS USING Eucalyptus
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• MILLING DOES NOT
•  USE WATER, HIGH TEMPERATURE OR PRESSURE
• ALTER THE BIOMASS COMPONENTS CHEMICALLY
  (ADVANTAGE FOR BIOREFINARY)
• GENERATE INHIBITORS FOR THE HYDROLYSIS AND
  FERMENTATION STEPS
• GENERATE POLLUTANT WATER STREAMS AND SALT
•  
• MAY BE EASIER TO SCALE UP IN COMPARISON TO STEAM
  EXPLOSION
• IT IS SAFER TO OPERATE
• ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND MAINTENANCE ARE THE
  SENSITIVE ASPECTS

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MILLED EUCALYPTUS HYDROLYSIS RESULTS

• Milled Eucalyptus particle size 25 micrometer
• Eucalyptus contains 42 of cellulose
•  Hydrolysis biomass 25g/L, 10 FPU/g, 50ºC, 200
  rpm
• Hydrolysis yields 98 using the ENZYTEC blend
  and 92 using the Acremonium enzyme
• Faster process using the ENZYTEC enzyme

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HYDROLYSIS RESULTS
Hydrolysis of STEAM TREATED bagasse in presence
of an ACID CATALYST Lund University (STBA -
53 cellulose)
FPU/BGU LAC 1 CG 220 0,70 Spezyme CP 0,75
HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS Volume 100 mL Bagasse
conc. 25 g/L ENZYME LOAD 10 FPU/G

• ENZYMES
• GC 220 (Genencor)
• Spezyme CP (Genencor)
• Produced on lactose (LAC)

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Sugarcane biomass hydrolysis using the ENZITEC
enzyme blend
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HYDROLYSIS EXPERIMENTS (STBA 53 cellulose)

• 130 g/L of treated sugarcane bagasse
• ENZITEC blend 10 FPU/g
• Sodium citrate buffer pH 4.8
• Temperature - 50ºC
• Agitation - 200 rpm

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STBA HYDROLYSIS RESULTS

Glucose Syrup 60 g/L (87Yield)
Ethanol fermentation
Lignin
STBA ENZITEC Enzyme
Solid hydrophobic fuel
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Obrigada!