War and Philosophy in Zhou Dynasty China

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War and Philosophy in Zhou Dynasty China
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Short Paper 4 (due Tuesday, November 2nd)

• What is an agrarian empire, and how does it
  differ from a modern nation-state? How was such
  an empire governed, and what sorts of religious
  or ideological ideas served to legitimate such an
  empire? (Be sure to give specific examples)

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Map 7.1 The Han Empire
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I. Roots of Chinese Civilization

• Introduction How do we know about ancient
  Chinese history?
• Neolithic cultures
• Shang dynasty (approx. 1766 BCE- ca. 1115 BCE)
• A. Archaeological evidence
• B. Religious beliefs
• C. Political organization
• D. Mandate of Heaven

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II. Zhou, the Warring States, and Confucius

• Confucius (551-479 BCE) said Lead the people by
  virtue and restrain them by the rules of decorum,
  and the people will have a sense of shame, and
  moreover will become good.

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Zhou DynastyWestern (1027-771 BCE)Eastern
(771-256 BCE)

• Chinese feudalism/fiefdoms
• The Duke of Zhou
• Zhou Religion
• IV. Centralization vs. feudalism

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The Warring States (403-221 BCE)

• Political background
• Society and economy
• Military technology
• The Hundred Schools and Confucius

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Confucian Ethics

• Humanity (ren) and righteousness (yi)
• Ceremony or ritual (li)
• Filial piety (xiao)
• Importance of the ancients
• Yao and Shun
• Duke of Zhou

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• Attitude towards the spirits/religion
• The Dao
• Significance

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Daoism

• What is the Dao?
• Who practiced Daoism?

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Legalism

• Lord Shang
• Han Feizi (d. 233 BCE)
• Qin Dynasty
• A. Key Teachings
• B. Legalism and the Qin
• CONCLUSION Philosophy and Chinese History