Larry Calkins DEQ Hermiston Office 256 E Hurlburt Avenue Hermiston, OR 97838 5415678297 ext' 25 calk

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Larry Calkins DEQHermiston Office256 E Hurlburt
Avenue Hermiston, OR 97838541-567-8297 ext.
25 calkins.larry_at_deq.state.or.us
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What is the Reason For EPAs Standards?
Health

• Those Most Sensitive
• Children
• Elderly
• Those with heart or respiratory problems

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Central Oregons Growth
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Pollutants of Concern

• PM10 Particulate Matter 10 microns and less
• PM2.5 Particulate Matter 2.5 microns and less
• CO Carbon Monoxide
• O3 - Ozone
• HAPS Hazardous Air Pollutants
• Diesel Exhaust
• Benzene
• Others

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EPAs National Ambient Air Quality Standard
(NAAQS) for Particulate Matter

• On September 21, 2006 EPA finalized the NAAQS for
  particulate matter
• Rule is effective on December 18, 2006

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Carbon Monoxide

• Odorless, colorless gas
• In high concentrations Health Effects
• Dizziness
• Impair oxygen dependent tissues such as brain,
  heart and muscles
• Linked to increase heart disease, decreased
  athletic ability and diminished mental capacity
• Affects newborns and unborn children including
  infant mortality

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EPAs Standards

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Ways of Measuring AQAnd Trends
http//www.deq.state.or.us/aq/forms/annrpt.htm
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Sources of PM2.5

• Smoke from Woodstoves
• Smoke from Open Burning
• Smoke from Burn Barrels
• Smoke from Agricultural burning
• Smoke from Forest burning
• Airborne Diesel Soot
• Smoke from Industrial Stacks
• Some Dust

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Long Term Exposure

• Deaths per day PM10
• 0.21 increase in deaths per day for every 10
  µg/m3 increase.
• Long term risk of dying
• 4 increase in deaths annually for each 10 µg/m3
  increase in annual average.
• Cancer Similar to 2nd hand smoke
• Link to defects in newborns
• Adverse Heart Problems (Change in Rhythms and
  blocked flow).

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Your Community2005 PM2.5 Samplers

• Klamath Falls
• La Grande
• Pendleton (2006)

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Your Community2005 PM10 Samplers

• Bend
• Burns
• Klamath Falls
• La Grande
• Lakeview
• Pendleton

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Surrogate Samplers 2005 Nephelometers

• Bend
• Baker City
• Burns
• Enterprise
• Klamath Falls
• Lakeview
• La Grande
• Pendleton
• The Dalles

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Air Toxics

• Statewide programs underway
• Diesel Initiative
• Portland Air Toxics - Benzene
• Others PM2.5 initiatives will help control
• Gain an understanding
• Need to understand the relationships - sources
• Need to understand the benchmarks
• Need to understand ambient concentrations in
  relationship to the benchmarks

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Crook County Toxics gt 1 per million risk

• CCL4 - Carbon Tetrachloride (Background)
• BENZ - Benzene (Primarily combustion)
• PAH - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Primarily
  combustion)
• DEHP - Bis(2ethylhexyl)phthalate (making
  Plastics)
• ACET - Acetaldehyde (incomplete combustion)

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Deschutes County Toxics gt 1 per million risk

• PAH - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Primarily
  combustion)
• BENZ - Benzene (Primarily combustion)
• CCL4 - Carbon Tetrachloride (Background)
• DEHP - Bis(2ethylhexyl)phthalate (making
  Plastics)
• ETDIB - Ethylene Dibromide (fumigant)
• T4CL - Tetrachloroethane (removal of grease)
• ACET - Acetaldehyde (incomplete combustion)
• NAPH - Naphthalene (coal and oil burning)
• DPM - Diesel Particulate Matter (diesel
  combustion)

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Jefferson County Toxics gt 1 per million risk

• PAH - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Primarily
  combustion)
• BENZ - Benzene (Primarily combustion)
• CCL4 - Carbon Tetrachloride (Background)
• DEHP - Bis(2ethylhexyl) phthalate (making
  Plastics)
• ACET - Acetaldehyde (incomplete combustion)
• DPM - Diesel Particulate matter (diesel
  combustion)

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Greenhouse Gases
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Things we dont know

• PM2.5 in local communities like LaPine,
  Prineville, Redmond, Sisters, Madras
• Ozone - regional
• HAPS including Benzene and Diesel
• Air Quality modeling in Transportation Planning
• Local health effects of PM2.5 in Bend
• Greenhouse Gas Planning in Central Oregon
• Visibility in Bend and between Bend and the
  Mountains
• Others?

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Things to Do at the City or County Level

• An advisory
• Public Awareness Education on Health
• Educational Message Yellow and Red Days
• Woodstove Change out incentives
• Alternatives to Open Burning
• Diesel Initiatives
• Transportation Planning including AQ
• DEQ and EPA are available

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What Local Councils May Consider

• Support Heat Smart Legislative concept
• Establish AQ Committee Public Education
• Ordinance
• Woodstove changeout upon sale of home
• Narrow or eliminate Open Burn Window
• Prohibit Burn Barrels
• Resolution Voluntary Advisory Program
• Ordinance Mandatory Advisory Program