Microscopes Windows to the World of the Cell

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MicroscopesWindows to the World of the Cell

• Life Science

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Microscopes

• An instrument used observe minute objects
• Enlarges images of small objects

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History

• In the 1660s Leeuwenhoek made a simple microscope
  and started to observe live specimens
• Leeuwenhoeks microscope could magnify images up
  to 200x

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Types of Microscopes

• Light uses light and lenses to magnify image
• Electron uses magnets and electrons to magnify
  image

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Compound Microscope

• Can magnify images up to 1000x
• Made up of
• Mechanical System
• Optical System
• Light System

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Mechanical System

• Holds specimen
• Allows one to focus
• Parts
• Stage/clips
• Focusing knobs
• Body of the microscope

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Optical System

• Made of two lenses
• Objective Lens
• Eyepiece
• Both together produce the magnified image

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Light System

• Light source (mirror) illuminates object
• Diaphragm allows to control amount of light

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Parts of a Microscope
(Eyepiece)
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Magnification

• The ability to make objects look larger

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Magnification

• To calculate
• Power of objective lens x Power of Eyepiece
• Do these calculations
• Eyepiece 10x
• Objective 10x 40x 100x

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Micrograph

• Photograph taken through a microscope

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Electron Microscope
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Electron Microscope

• Uses magnets and electrons to magnify images
• Magnifies 1000x better than a light microscope
• Specimen cannot be living

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Types of Electron Microscopes

• Transmission Electron Microscope internal
  structures
• Scanning Electron Microscope surface structures