Hand Tools Tools Of The Trade

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Hand Tools Tools Of The Trade
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Aviation Shears
Used for cutting pieces out of thin aluminum less
than .040 and steel less than .020- .025
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Carpenter Square
Used in the construction industry it has inch
markings down the outer edges of the arms, it is
useful for working with large pieces but is the
least accurate type of square
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Adjustable Pliers (Channel Lock)
A cross between an adjustable wrench and pliers
it has a wide range of sizes available
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Combination Square
A basic tool used to determine right angles and
45 degree angles. The head can be moved along
the blade and locked in place with the thumb
screw. This is more accurate than the carpenters
square and works better on small pieces
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Countersink

• Used as a chamfering or deburring tool 1/32 to
  1/16 is sufficient for most holes.
• Used prior to tapping or reaming, protects hole
  from burrs and nicks.
• Used for recessing the head of a wood screw or
  machine screw (Flat Heads)
• 82 degree single flute is the most common
  countersink used for this purpose.

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Cutting Fluid Jar

• Cutting fluid should be applied to metals when
  they are being machined on the mill, lathe, or
  drill press or sawed on the metal saws.
• For plastic check out soapy water from the shop.
  Using these during machining will improve the
  process and finish on the piece along with making
  the tools last longer.

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Deburing Tools
Removes the material that is left on corners and
edges after the machining process is complete.
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Dial Calipers
A measuring device that has a dial and
graduations along the beam. To read, you must
read the beam first then add the numbers from the
dial, to get the total reading. Measures in .001
of an inch Metric version available.
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Die Die Handle
Used to make threads on the outside of a round
piece of material. The die is placed in the die
holder and held in place with a set screw.
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Digital Calipers

• Similar to a dial caliper but electronic.
• The complete measurement displayed in the LCD
  window.
• Measures in .001 of an inch Metric switch on
  unit.

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Drift
An ejector tool used to remove a drill chuck or
tapered drill bit from the spindle of a drill
press.
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Edge Finder
Is used in the milling machine to find the exact
position of the part edge so that the piece can
be machined accurately.
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File Card

• A brush used to clean out the groves in a file.
• It is important to keep the files grooves clean
  for more efficient cutting of the file.

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Files
Square Flat Round

• A hand tool used to cut, smooth, or fit metal
  parts by applying pressure to the tool and
  pushing across the piece in one direction.
• The tool is made of hardened steel and must be
  harder than the material being cut.

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Forstner Drill Bit

• Used for drilling holes in wood, will not cause
  wood to break out and splinter when the drill bit
  comes thru the bottom side of the board.
• Will leave a flat bottom hole in wood.
• Must continually clear the chips from deeper
  holes for the bit to work effectively.

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Ground Shop Square

• Used for squaring blades and cut off saw vises,
  this is the most accurate way of determining
  right angles.
• This square does not have graduations for
  measuring.

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Hack Saw
Saw Stroke

• Used for cutting smaller pieces of material by
  hand.
• Will only cut on the forward stroke as indicated
  by the direction of the teeth in the close up.

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Micrometer Or Mike For Short
This is an outside micrometer. There are also
inside versions available.

• A very precise measuring tool that measures in
  thousands of an inch. (This model - .0001
  1/10,000)
• Their sizes are broken up into one inch
  increments so that a 1 micrometer will measure
  distances from 0 to 1. Most commons sets are
  0 6. Larger sizes available.

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Parallels

• Used for keeping the work piece off the bottom
  of the vise during milling and drilling
  operations.
• This prevents the mill cutter or drill bit from
  hitting the vise.

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Pliers - Jointed

• Has many all around uses.
• Used many times in the shop to pull chips off of
  the lathe or hold small pieces while they are
  being worked with on the grinders or sanders.
• This prevents your hands/fingers getting into
  the machinery.

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Razor Blade Scraper

• A tool to remove paint, glue or tape from a
  smooth surface, such as glass, plastic, or metal.
• Not to be used as a box cutter.

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Reamers

• Used when a hole needs to be precise.
• The hole is usually drilled 1/64 inches under
  sized and then the reamer is used to get the
  exact size desired to within /- .001 inches.

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Screwdrivers

• Tools used to tighten or loosen screws.
• Small Jewelers Screwdrivers are available for
  very small screws.

Philips
Flat
Torx
Not To Be Used As Pry Bars Or Chisels!!!
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Scribers
Hand layout tool used to scratch or scribe lines
on metal.
Scratch Awl- Can also be used as a small marking
punch.
Scribe - Metal
Scribe - Metal Carbide tipped.
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Speed Square

• A tool commonly used in general wood
  construction.
• It can also be used as a guide when making cuts
  with wood hand power saws.

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Tap, Tap Handle, Tap Block
Tap Block Allows the tap to stay in a vertical
position, when tapping a hole.
Tap Puts threads into an existing hole properly
sized.
Tap Handle holds the tap as you turn it.
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Tin Snips

• A hand held tool used to cut thin steel between
  .030 - .045 and pieces of aluminum slightly
  thicker than an aviation shear can cut.

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Utility Knife

• Used to cut cardboard, paper, string, rubber and
  other thin non-metallic materials.

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Vise Grips

• Similar to a pliers, but it locks shut and
  allows you to increase the force with which the
  piece is held by adjusting the screw at the end
  of the handle.
• This can be used to hold small pieces while
  they are being ground or sanded. Or as clamps on
  work tables.

Pliers
Clamps
Various models available.
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Conclusion
College Of Engineering Shops University Of
Wisconsin Madison Never be afraid to ask for
help Experience is the best way to learn!