Control of surfaces in everyday life

1
Control of surfaces in everyday life CHEMICAL
INTERACTIONS IN THE CLEANING OF DIFFERENT
SURFACES Roiko-Jokela, V., Rissanen, R.,
Hevonkorpi, T., Salo, H., Alén, R., Suontamo, T.,
and Järvinen, E. University of Jyväskylä,
Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, P.O. Box 35,
FIN-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland
INTRODUCTION
RESULTS
Glazed ceramic tiles The cleanability of ceramic
tiles generally decreased rapidly along with the
soiling/cleaning cycles performed (Fig. 4). The
probable reason for this behavior was the
characteristic ability of these materials to
corrode when a basic cleaning agent were
used. Steel surfaces The steel surfaces studied
got dirty in different ways (Fig. 5). In
addition, varying cleanabilities were found
depending to some extent, for example, on the
soiling procedure performed (Fig. 6).
In the first phase of this subproject, the main
aims are to study by means of the so-called
cleaning simulator 1 i) the surface
properties of various glazed ceramic tiles
(provided by Åbo Akademi University) and ii) the
ability of these materials to adhere on their
surfaces different soils and cleaning agents. In
addition, this subproject involves a study of the
cleanability of different steel surfaces
(provided by VTT Building and Transport, VTT
Processes).
Figure 4. Ceramic tiles were cleaned with a basic
cleaning agent and their cleanabilities were
determined by a machine vision system.
EXPERIMENTAL

• Surface materials
• Glazed ceramic tiles
• four different types of laboratory-made ceramic
  tiles (Samples 1E, 2E, 3E, and 12E)
• one type of industrial-made ceramic tiles
  (Sample 243)
• Steel surfaces
• six different types of coated steel plates
  (Samples 2-7)
• one type of uncoated steel plates (Sample 1)
• Soils
• a mixture of soot, sebum, and ethanol (for
  ceramic)
• a mixture of soot, oleic acid, and ethanol (for
  steel)
• Cleaning agents
• a weakly basic cleaning agent (for ceramic and
  steel)
• a basic cleaning agent (for ceramic)
• deionized water as a reference (for ceramic and
  steel)

Figure 5. Examples of images of the pre-cleaned
and soiled steel plates.

• Soiling and cleaning
• Both test materials were soiled and cleaned with
  the cleaning simulator developed in our
  laboratory (Fig. 1). In the case of ceramic tiles
  the soil was dried for 24 hours and in case of
  steel surfaces for 24 h and 72 h. After this
  soiling stage, cleaning was performed by the
  cleaning simulator without any mechanical
  treatment.
• Detection methods for
• cleanability
• a machine vision system 2 (Fig. 2)
• an IR-based detection method 2 (Fig. 3)

Figure 6. Steel plates were cleaned with a basic
cleaning agent and their cleanabilities were
determined by a machine vision system.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Figure 1. The cleaning simulator of Jyväskylä.
Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry
Centre VTT Building and Transport VTT
Processes National Technology Agency of Finland
(TEKES), Clean Surfaces 2002-2006
Figure 2. A machine vision system.
REFERENCES
1 Suontamo, T., Development of a Test Method
for Evaluating the Cleaning Efficiency of
Hard-Surface Cleaning Agents, Doctoral Thesis,
University of Jyväskylä, Laboratory of Applied
Chemistry, Jyväskylä, 2004. 2 Roiko-Jokela, V.,
Alén, R., Suontamo, T., and Salo, H., New
detection methods for the cleanability test of
hard surfaces, NCSS-5, Fifth Nordic Conference on
Surface Science, Tampere, Finland, 22.-25.9.2004.
Figure 3. An IR-based detection method.