The Gospel of Matthew

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The Gospel of Matthew
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Authorship

• Anonymous
• 2nd Century Tradition of Matthew
• Papias 140
• Eusebius Ecclesiastical History 3.39.6 third hand
  information (323)

• Matthew in NT
• Levi (Mk 214 Mt 99)
• Tax Collector or customs official
• Capernaum (Jesus 2nd home)
• One of the 12

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Source

• Probably Mark a source
• Supplements Mark
• Birth of Jesus
• Resurrection appearances
• Large sections of Jesus teachings
• Synoptic
• same viewpoint
• Matthew, Mark, Luke

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Date

• Unknown
• 40-140
• to this day (278) until this day (2815)-
  some period of time had passed.
• Olivet Discourse (24-25) seem to anticipate this
  event 70
• Strong Jewish flavor

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Circumstances

• Specifics unknown
• Church very Jewish, struggle to define identity
  within the Jewish heritage
• Tension seems to be in-house Jewish Christians vs
  Non-Jewish Christians

Christians (Non-Jewish)
Jews Non-Christians
Christian Jews
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Place of Writing

• Unknown
• Palestine or Antioch of Syria
• Reference 424, His fame went out through all
  Syria
• Long history of Jewish Christians
• Matthew is quoted by Ignatius of Antioch in 2nd
  Century

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Distinctive Features of Matthew

• David 14
• Son of David 927 1223 1522 219 2115
• Memories of OT persons and events
• Moses and Jesus
• Stress Jesus respect for Jewish law Tradition
• Prefers Kingdom of Heaven instead of Kingdom of
  God
• Developed Wisdom Christology

• Jewishness
• Quotes OT and Jesus fulfillment
• 122-23- birth- Is 714
• 25-6- Beth- Micah 62
• 217-18- children- Jer.
• 215- Egypt- Hos 111
• Fulfilled- Sees Jesus as the True Realization of
  Scripture
• Trace linage back to Abraham David (11,17) Why
  14?

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Features of Matthew

• Emphasis on Jesus as the Master Teacher
• Harshly critical of Jews despite being sensitive
  to Jewish concerns
• Woes to scribes and Pharisees (Mt 23)
• Hypocrisy in synagogues (423 935 1027 )
• Universal interest despite special sensitivity to
  Jews (2819-20 414 1221 2143)
• Concerns with the church more explicit than other
  Gospels.
• Only Gospel to use word church (1618 1817)
• Churchs mission (10)
• Binding and loosing authority (1619 1818)
• Churchs worship and discipline (1618 1815-18)

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Survey of Matthew

• The Presentation of the King (11-411)
• The Proclamation of the King (412-729)
• The Power of the King (81-111)
• The Progressive Rejection of the King
  (112-1612)
• The Preparation of the Kings Disciples
  (1613-2028)
• The Presentation and Rejection of the King
  (2029-2766)
• The Proof of the King (281-20)

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The Christ

• Promised Messianic King
• Kingdom of Heaven (32X)
• Fulfills the qualifications of the Messiah
• OT- 130 quotes and allusions
• that what was spoken of through the prophets
  might be fulfilled (9X)
• the Son of Man
• Servant of the Lord
• Son of David (9X)