Forgotten Glory: An Analysis of Turkey

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Forgotten GloryAn Analysis of Turkey

• By Jana Skalska
• And
• Jan Tammen

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Location and Topography

• Southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia (that
  portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is
  geographically part of Europe), bordering the
  Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and
  bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean
  Sea, between Greece and Syria
• Area
• total 780,580 sq km water 9,820 sq km land
  770,760 sq km
• slightly larger than Texas

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Location and Topography
4
Historical Background and Significance
Ancient/Medieval

• One of the Earliest European Civilizations
• Eastern Roman Empire in 466A.D.
• Served as route to Holy land during the Crusades
• Conquered and held by the Ottoman Turks until
  World War I

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Historical Background and Significance - Modern

• Created in 1923
• Neutral during World War II
• Joined UN in 1945
• Joined NATO in 1951
• Occupied Northern Cyprus in 1974
• PKK insurgence in 1984 caused ethnic and
  humanitarian problems

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Demography and SocietyDemography

• Population 67,308,928
• Growth Rate 1.2
• Birth Rate 17.95/1000
• Death Rate 9.95/1000

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Demography and Society Composition

• Ethnic Groups
• Turkish 80
• Kurdish 20
• Religions
• Muslim 99.8 (Mostly Sunni)
• Other 0.2 (Mostly Christian and Jews)
• Languages
• Turkish (official), Kurdish, Arabic, Armenian,
  Greek

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Political Institutions

• Capital Ankara
• Universal Suffrage at 18
• Executive Branch
• President (Ahmet Necdet Sezer)
• Prime Minister (Recep Tayyip Erdogan)
• Legislative Branch
• Unicameral Grand National Assembly of Turkey
• Judicial Branch
• Constitutional Court, Court of Appeals

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Political InstitutionsSecurity and Economic

• Military
• Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard
• Expenditures 8.1 billion (4.5of GDP)
• Civilian
• Gendarmerie
• Merchant Marine

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Economic PerformanceEconomic Indicators

• GDP
• Purchasing Power Parity- 468 Billion
• Per Capita PPP 7,000
• Growth Rate 4.2
• Other Indicators
• Inflation Rate 13.83
• Unemployment Rate 10.8

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Economic PerformanceComposition and Produce

• Composition
• Agriculture 13
• Industry 30
• Services 57
• Industrial Production
• Textiles, food processing, autos, mining (coal,
  chromite, copper, boron), steel, petroleum,
  lumber, paper
• Agricultural Production
• Tobacco, cotton, grain, olives, sugar beets,
  pulse, citrus, livestock

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Economic PerformanceImports and Exports

• Imports (43.9 billion)
• Machinery, chemicals, semi-finished goods, fuel,
  transport equipment
• Exports (37.6 billion)
• Apparel, foodstuffs, textiles, metal
  manufactures, transport equipment
• Trade Partners
• Germany 12.9, Italy 8.4, Russia 8.3, US 7.9,
  France 5.5, UK 4.6

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Turkey and the European Union

• Turkish representatives have been attending EU
  sessions since 1970s
• Turkey not included in 2004 expansion round.
• Anti-accession decision may cause strive between
  EU and Turkey

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HDI Comparison
Source CIA World Fact Book 2002
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Advantages of Integration

• Strategic location
• Abundance of resources
• Population size
• Military strength
• Ending of territorial and economic disputes

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Potential Conflicts

• Religion
• Increased Immigration to Northern Europe
• Transit route for illicit drugs
• Organized Crime
• Conflicts with neighbors in the Middle East

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Conclusion

• Intricate culture
• Much growth potential
• Location serves strategic, economic purposes
• Differences in cultures may cause problems
• Much resistance on the European side