CHAPTER 13 SECTION 2 WESTERN EUROPE

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CHAPTER 13 SECTION 2WESTERN EUROPE
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CULTURAL DIVISIONS

• Rome conquered the Celts in the north and all of
  what is now France.
• The German king Charlemagne united most of the
  region in the 700s.
• After his death, Europe remained in small
  competing kingdoms.
• LOOK AT THE TIMELINE ON PAGE 296
• WHAT CULTURAL FIGURES WERE IMPORTANT BEFORE
  1600?

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THE REFORMATION
IN 1517, MARTIN LUTHER CHALLENGED THE PRACTICES
OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN GERMANY. IN ENGLAND,
KING HENRY VIII, FORMED THE ANGLICAN CHURCH THIS
LED TO THE REFORMATION, THE BEGINNING OF
PROTESTANT CHURCHES. TODAY, FRANCE IS MOSTLY
CATHOLIC, BUT NETHERLANDS, SWITZERLAND, AND
GERMANY ARE MOSTLY PROTESTANT.
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NATIONALISM

• AFTER ROME FELL,
• FEUDALISM DEVELOPED
• LOOK ON PAGE 297WHAT IS FEUDALISM?
• THIS PRACTICE LED TO NATIONALISM, OR LOYALTY TO
  NATIONS AND STATES.
• RIVALRIES DEVELOPED BETWEEN NATIONS THAT LED TO
  CENTURIES OF WARS.

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INDUSTRIAL GROWTHAND COLONIALISM

• IN THE 1800S,
• INDUSTRIES
• DEVELOPED
• COUNTRIES LOOKED
• BEYOND THEIR
• BORDERS FOR RESOURCES
• THIS LED TO COLONIZING OTHER TERRITORY IN ASIA,
  THE PACIFIC, SOUTH AMERICA, AND AFRICA.

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MODERN CONFLICTS WORLD WAR I
NATIONALISM AND RIVALRY CAUSED COUNTRIES TO FORM
ALLIANCES. THIS LED TO WORLD WAR I GERMANY,
AUSTRA-HUNGARY, AND THE OTTOMAN
EMPIRE AGAINST BRITAIN, FRANCE, RUSSIA, AND THE
UNITED STATES
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WORLD WAR II

• GERMANYS RESENTMENT OVER THE TERMS OF PAYMENT
  FOR LOSING IN WORLD WAR I, LED TO WORLD WAR II.
• GERMANYS MASS MURDER OF JEWS AND OTHER MINORITY
  GROUPS WAS CALLED THE HOLOCAUST.
• AFTER THE WAR, GERMANY WAS SPLIT INTO EAST AND
  WEST GERMANY.

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In 1990, GERMANY REUNITED

• GERMANY BECAME A LEADER IN THE EUROPEAN UNION.
• WHAT ARE SOME OF THE RESULTS OF A MORE UNIFIED
  EUROPE?

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FARMING TO HIGH-TECH

• WHAT LANDFORM IS THE REASON FOR AGRICULTURAL
  SUCCESS IN WESTERN EUROPE?
• GERMANY IS A LEADER IN THE PRODUCTION OF STEEL
  AND MANUFACTURING
• FRANCE HAS DEVELOPED HIGH SPEED TRAINS AND
  NUCLEAR PLANTS THAT FUEL 75 OF ITS ENERGY.
• SWITZERLANDS NEUTRALITY IN WAR HELPED DEVELOPED
  ITS STABLE BANKING INDUSTRY.

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MUSIC AND ART

• FAMOUS GERMAN MUSICIANS
• BACH AND BEETHOVEN
• FAMOUS AUSTRIAN MUSICIAN MOZART
• PAINTERS FROM THE NETHERLANDS
• VERMEER AND VAN GOGH
• PAINTERS FROM FRANCE
• CEZANNE, MONET, GAUGUIN
• PAINTER FROM SPAIN PICASSO

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MODERN LIFE

• CITIES IN EUROPE ARE BUSY AND CROWDED
• CRIME RATES ARE LOWER THAN IN THE UNITED STATES
• HOMES AND APARTMENTS ARE SMALLER
• EUROPEANS HAVE MORE VACATION TIME THAN AMERICANS

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RECENT CONFLICTS

• IMMIGRATION ISSUES HAVE LED TO DISCRIMINATION IN
  SOME COUNTRIES
• THE BREAKUP OF YUGOSLAVIA IN THE EARLY 1900S HAS
  LED TO MIGRATION AND RELOCATION OF THESE PEOPLE
  TO OTHER AREAS