Roots, Stems, Leaves

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Roots, Stems, Leaves
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VASCULAR TISSUES

• Tissues that transport materials from one part of
  a plant to another.

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Two Types of Vascular Tissue

• XYLEM - dead tubular cells that transport water
  upward from roots to leaves.
• PHLOEM - living tubular cells that transport
  sugar from leaves to all parts of plant.
• PHLOEM FLOWS FOOD!

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Functions of Roots

• Provide site for water and nutrient absorption
• Anchor plant to the ground
• Transports water and food to the stem
• In some plants, store food (ex. Carrots)

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Functions of Stems

• Support leaves and flowers
• Stores food
• Transports food and water throughout plant to
  roots and leaves
• Sometimes stems are found underground. These are
  called rhizomes
• Examples include potatoes, iris
• These stems can sprout new plants!

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Annual Rings
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Annual Rings Part 2
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Leaves

• Primary function is to trap light energy for
  photosynthesis
• Most have a large surface area

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Leaf Cross-section

• Epidermis protective layer found on upper and
  lower layers of leaf
• Palisade Layer photosynthetic cells directly
  below upper epidermis
• Spongy Layer photosynthetic cells below
  palisade layer

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Leaf Cross-section

• Vein tube-like structure that transports
  materials throughout leaf
• Stomata opening in lower epidermis that allows
  gas exchange
• Guard Cells controls the opening and closing of
  stomata

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Leaf Diagram