THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY
• CHAPTER 8

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FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• To digest food
• To absorb food taken into the body
• To eliminate solid waste

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STRUCTURE OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• Oral Cavity
• Pharynx
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small Intestines
• Large Intestines
• Lets examine the structure in detail

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THE ORAL CAVITY/MOUTH

• Lips Cheeks
• Palate
• hard palate
• soft palate uvula
• Tongue
• papilla
• frenulum

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THE ORAL CAVITY/MOUTH

• Teeth
• incisors
• cuspids/canines
• bicuspids/premolars
• molars
• Salivary Glands
• parotid
• sublingual
• submandibular

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THE ESOPHAGUS

• Known as the foodpipe or gullet
• About 10 inches long
• Leads from the Pharynx to the Stomach

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THE STOMACH

• Located in the abdominal cavity
• Three divisions
• Fundus
• Body
• Pylorus
• Contains two sphincters

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THE SMALL INTESTINES

• About 20 feet long
• Contain hair-like projections called Villi
• Made up of 3 parts
• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum

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THE LARGE INTESTINES

• About 5 feet long
• Divided into
• Cecum
• Ascending colon
• Transverse colon
• Descending colon
• Sigmoid colon
• Rectum
• Anus

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THE LIVER

• Classified as an endocrine gland
• Its the largest gland in the body
• It secretes a substance called bile
• Located in the upper right quadrant of the stomach

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LIVER FUNCTIONS

• Removes glucose from the bloodstream
• Destroys old erythrocytes
• Removes poisons from the blood
• Manufactures proteins and bile which is a
  digestive juice

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THE GALLBLADDER

• The gallbladder
• Located under the liver
• Has one main function to store and concentrate
  bile produced in the liver

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THE PANCREAS

• Located behind the stomach
• Produces pancreatic juices
• It secretes hormones into the blood

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