Mexico - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 11
About This Presentation
Title:

Mexico

Description:

Chiapas revolt 1992; general state unrest 1996 end 70 year PRI government ... Parastatal sector reduced substantially. Telefonas se Mexico Dec 1990 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:54
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 12
Provided by: gver
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Mexico


1
Mexico
  • Latin-American legacy

2
General characteristics
  • NAFTA 1994
  • Chiapas revolt 1992 general state unrest 1996
    end 70 year PRI government
  • Multidimensional society
  • Move to market economy - 1982 Debt crisis
  • 1989 _ Reform programme
  • !994 Pres Zedilio PROGRESA programme

3
History
  • Culture and agriculture advanced maize
    cultivation
  • 1325 Aztec conquest. 1521 Spanish conquest
    Cortés economiendas. RCC
  • 1821 Independence from Spain stagnation and
    instability
  • 1830/40 USA extend into 50 Mexican land
  • 1857 Juanez RCC land sale

4
  • 1876 1911 Diaz open foreign trade widening
    inequality. Est oil industry.
  • Oppressive Revolt PRI 1917 2000.
  • Deny property rights nationalise oil PEMEX.
    Concessions 1940s. Growth 1940 1970. Student
    uprising 1968 social spending.
  • 2000 PAN conservative land redistribution.
    Budget balance. ISI.

5
Land Question
  • 3 types of land ownership hacienda, ranchos,
    ejidos. Ejidos least infrastructure encroached
    upon
  • 1910 1920 Revolution haciendas subdivided.
    Cardénas distribute 20m hectares ejidos most
    productive
  • Post 1992 sale of ejidos transform to ranchos.

6
Dualism in landholding
  • Determined by population density ejidos in dense
    areas cultivate corn and beans.
  • Private land commercial crops. Green revolution
    G investment , irrigation. Bias against south.
    Poverty stricken.
  • NAFTA protection removed weakest ejidos
    farmers eliminated.

7
Oil
  • Early exploration 1901, 1906, nationalisation.
  • Oil production rose with price increase.
  • 1970 Portillo President PEMEX borrows deficit
    debt - capital flight
  • August 1982 - debt standstill.
  • - nationalise banks
  • Hurtado IMF and USA rescheduling no
    privatisation

8
Economic transformation post-1982
  • PIRE 1982
  • Dec 1987 Pacto-
  • Salinas 1989 privatisation depression of 1994
    . USA loan 1997 independent Central Bank
    return to financial stability, inflation down.
  • Table 18-2

9
Privatisation
  • Mergers of small and medium enterprises
  • Sale of s / m enterprises 1986-1988
  • Parastatal sector reduced substantially
  • Telefonas se Mexico Dec 1990
  • Mining, airline, sugar, motor, railways. Not
    PEMEX

10
NAFTA and Open economy
  • Fear of USA domination. Post WW2 - ISI
  • 1965 Maquiladora programme border industries.
  • Trade liberalisation 1982 WTO membership 1989
    and FTZ
  • Environmental issue pollutant emissions

11
Income distribution unequal
  • SoL improved
  • Slums remained absolute poverty in rural areas
    increased.
  • PROGRESA allocation increased
  • Micro-credit organisations child care centres
  • Latin-American legacy? Explain
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com