Pertussis and Adolescents: Its Time for a Boost

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Pertussis and AdolescentsIts Time for a Boost

• A Slide Kit for School Nurses

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Pertussis Facts

• Also known as whooping cough or 100-day cough
• Highly contagious
• Spread by coughing or sneezing

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable
Diseases. Atkinson W et al, eds. 9th ed. 2006.
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Pertussis Facts

• Infant vaccinations do not protect for a lifetime
• Almost 40 of cases reported in adolescents (10
  to 19 years of age)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR.
200655(RR-3)1-43. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention. Pertussis Surveillance
Report8/12/05.
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Pertussis Cases Are on the Rise
1980 2004 Year
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable
Diseases. Atkinson W et al, eds. 9th ed. 2006.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Pertussis Surveillance Report8/12/05.
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Why Are Adolescents Getting Pertussis?

• Protection from vaccination wears off after 5 to
  10 years
• Close contact in schools helps spread disease

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable
Diseases. Atkinson W et al, eds. 9th ed. 2006.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
MMWR. 200655(RR-3)1-43.
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What Are the Symptoms of Pertussis in Adolescents?

• First symptoms can be like a common cold with
  cough
• Other symptoms may include
• Coughing fits that last a long time
• Trouble breathing
• Vomiting after coughing
• Whooping sound

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable
Diseases. Atkinson W et al, eds. 9th ed. 2006.
Lee GM et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2004391572-1580.
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Complications of Pertussis in Adolescents

• Severe coughing can cause
• Poor sleep
• Loss of bladder control
• Broken ribs
• Pertussis can turn into pneumonia

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable
Diseases. Atkinson W et al, eds. 9th ed. 2006.
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Adolescents Can Miss Many Days of School

• Adolescents with pertussis miss an average of one
  week of school
• Coughing can last an average of 106 days

Range 0.4 to 32 days
Missed Days of School
Lee GM et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2004391572-1580.
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Tdap Vaccines Can Help Protect Against Three
Serious Diseases
Tdap tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid
and acellular pertussis vaccine.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Vaccine Information StatementInterim. Tdap
Vaccine. Available at http//www.cdc.gov/nip/publi
cations/VIS/vis-dtp.pdf.
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Why Should Adolescents Get a Tdap Booster Shot?

• Adolescents are at increased risk
• Adolescents spread disease to other adolescents
  and to family members, including infants
• Safe and effective vaccines are available

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR.
200655(RR-3)1-43.
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When Should Adolescents Receive a Tdap Booster
Shot?

• 11 to 12 years is the preferred age for Tdap
  booster
• Tdap is also recommended for older adolescents
  (13 to 18 years of age)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR.
200655(RR-3)1-43. Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention. MMWR. 200554(5152)Q1-Q4.
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Summary

• Pertussis cases have been going upespecially
  among adolescents
• Pertussis spreads very easily
• Protection from pertussis wears off 5 to 10 years
  after vaccination
• A Tdap booster can help protect adolescents from
  pertussis
• 11 to 12 years is the preferred age for Tdap
  booster

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For More Information

• Ask your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist
• Call your local or state health department
• Contact the Centers for Disease Control and
  Prevention (CDC)
• Call 1.800.232.4636
• Visit the CDC National Immunization Program Web
  site at www.cdc.gov/nip

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Vaccine Information StatementInterim. Tdap
Vaccine. Available at http//www.cdc.gov/nip/publi
cations/VIS/vis-dtp.pdf.
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• This slide presentation has been provided by
  GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines