Freud: an introduction

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Freud an introduction

• A primer to theories on dreams and dysfunctional
  behavior

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States of Consciousness

• The conscious which is that part of our mind we
  are aware of at any one moment
• The pre-conscious all the thoughts, feelings
  and memories we can draw into consciousness at
  will, such as what we ate for supper yesterday
• Unconscious is the repository of memories,
  emotions, and thoughts, many of them illogical,
  that affect our behavior even though we cannot
  talk about them

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Structure of Personality

• Two major ideas influenced Freuds thinking
• Human beings are a natural result of evolution
  and therefore not fundamentally different from
  other animals. Darwin
• The unconscious, irrational, and primitive forces
  play a central role in human motivation. These
  include
• Life survival
• Sex to reproduce

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Personality

• Four Major Adjectives characterize
  psychoanalysis
• Deterministic all behavior is determined or
  caused by some force within the person. No
  behavior occurs by chance.
• Dynamic the exchange and transformation of
  energy within the personality. Understanding the
  motivation for human action is essential.
• Psychic Energy source of human motivation,
  (fixed amount).

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Personality

• 3. Organizational
• Personality operates at three levels of
  awareness Id, Ego, and Superego
• Id Consists of all our biological drives and
  demands for immediate gratification
• Libido the psychic energy that fuels the life or
  sexual instincts of the id.
• Ego rational self, decision-making aspect of
  personality
• Superego internalized values and memories of
  rules put forth by ones parents
• Human behavior is nearly always a result of the
  interaction among all three
• 4. Developmental personality development follows
  a more of less set course from birth.

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Stages of Psychosexual Development

• Psychosexual description of stages of
  personality development referring to the belief
  that each stage is a new manifestation of the
  sexual drive.
• Psychosexual stages periods in ones life
  representing the development of the libido
  specifically, the oral, anal, phallic, and
  genital stages.

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Stages of Psychosexual Development

• 1. Oral Stage birth ? 2 - infant derives intense
  psychosexual pleasure from stimulation of the
  mouth.
• Fixation - eating, drinking, smoking, lasting
  concerns of dependency, nail biting,
• 2. Anal Stage At age 2 children derive
  psychosexual pleasure from bowel movements
• Toilet training is the first major conflict
  between the id and the world
• Fixation holding things back, being orderly,
  stingy OR the opposite extreme, messy and
  wasteful
• Toilet training of parents influences fixation
• 3. Phallic Stage by age 3, children begin to
  play with their genitals and become sexually
  attracted to the opposite sex
• Fixation boys fear castration by father, girls
  develop penis envy
• Resolving conflict occurs via defense mechanisms
  identification and repression

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Stages of Psychosexual Development

• 3. Phallic Stage by age 3, children begin to
  play with their genitals and become sexually
  attracted to the opposite sex
• Fixation boys fear castration by father, girls
  develop penis envy
• Resolving conflict occurs via defense mechanisms
  identification and repression

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Freuds theories for abnormal behavior

• Ultimate cause of psychological disorder was
  traumatic childhood sexual experiences either
  seduction by other children or sexual abuse by
  adults
• People become psychologically disturbed because
  as children they wanted to have sex with their
  parents and couldnt.
• Freud considered his patients protests to be
  signs of emotional resistance and therefore
  confirmation that his interpretations were
  correct.