Occupational cancer

1
Occupational cancer

• Fariba Rezaeetalab
• Assistant professor

2
Cancer Registry by Industry Excess

• Nasopharyngeal carpenters
• Colorectal machinery manufacturing, printing
• Liver general construction and rubber and
  plastics
• Gallbladder electrical equipment
• Lung primary metals, shipbuilding, construction,
  and stone, clay, and glass
• Mesothelioma shipbuilding and asbestos
  manufacturing

3

• Breast (Black females) chemical and
  pharmaceutical
• Bladder (white males) apparel and textile
  industries.
• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
• (white females) printing
• (white male) bakers and motor vehicle
  manufacturing
• Lymphocytic leukemia chemical and construction

4
What Is Lung Cancer ?

• Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death
  for men and women.
• It is also the most preventable form of cancer.
• Tobacco use accounts for 87 of lung cancers.
• There are two major types of lung cancer
• 1. Non-small cell lung cancer (87)
• 2. Small cell lung cancer (13)
• Each grows and spreads in different ways and is
  treated differently.

5
The American Cancer Societys Estimates

• In the United States during 2008
• 215,020 new cases of lung cancer will be
  diagnosed.
• 161,840 deaths will occur as the result of this
  disease.

6
Who Is At Risk?

• Cigarette smoking is by far the greatest risk
  factor for lung cancer.
• The longer a person uses tobacco and the more
  they use, the greater their risk.
• If a person quits before cancer develops, the
  damaged lung tissue gradually improves.
• Others at risk include
• Nonsmokers who breathe in secondhand smoke.
• Occupational or environmental exposure to radon,
  asbestos, certain metals, radiation or air
  pollution. If people are exposed to the above
  carcinogens also smoke, their risk is greatly
  increased.

7
Lung Cancer Risk Factors

• 1- Arsenic Byproduct of copper , lead ,
  zinc ,tin , smelting in organic trivalent
  arsenic containing pesticides
• 2- Asbestos In several industries miners ,
  shipyard , cement
• 3- Bis-chloromethyl ether Industries producing
  ion exchange resins , polymers , plastics

8
Lung Cancer Risk Factor

• Chromium used in metal alloys , electroplating
  , lithography ,paint pigments , cement , rubber
• Nickel used in electroplating , manufacturing
  of steel and other alloys , ceramics, storage
  batteries , electric circutis
• Radon Undeground miners
• Vinylchloride used in production of plastics

9
Clinical presentations

• Constitutional symptoms
• Primary Tumor
• Intrathoracic spread
• Asymptomatic
• Extrathoracic spread
• Paraneoplastic symptoms

10
Asymptomatic (10)
11
Primary Tumor (30)

• Cough (75)
• SOB (60)
• Chest discomfort (50)
• Hemoptysis (35)

12

• Cough - endobronchial mass or post-obstructive
  pneumonia esp concerned if new onset/changed
  character
• SOB tumor occluding the airway
• Chest discomfort intermittent/aching
• Hemoptysis -acute bronchitis is the common cause
  of hemoptysis, lung CA should always be suspected
  in pts gt40

13
Intrathoracic Spread (40)

• Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis
• Phrenic nerve paralysis
• Pancoasts tumor
• Horner Syndrome
• Chest wall invasion
• Pleural effusion
• Esophageal compression
• Superior vena cava obstruction

14
Extrathoracic Spread (30)

• Bone mets
• bone pain, fracture
• Brain mets
• HA, N/V, focal neurol deficits, seizures,
  confusion, personality change
• Liver mets
• Adrenal gland mets
• Spinal cord mets

15
Comments

• Quitting tobacco use, or not starting at allTake
  protective measures against cancer-causing
  chemicals at work