Delivery Infrastructure Needs

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Delivery Infrastructure Needs

• gt
• Don Mason
• MARC
• June 2008
• Oklahoma City

2
Challenge

• How will we get natural gas into previously
  unserved areas?
• Issues
• Main extensions
• Service lines
• Interior piping
• Venting

3
Statistics

• Gas share of new single family market is 62 for
  space heating, down from 66
• Electric heating share up to 35
• Gas share of new multifamily market is 43 for
  space heating, unchanged
• Electric heating share is 56
• For the Midwest, gas share is 85 (new SF) and
  78 (new MF)
• But in the south, gas share is 40 (new SF) and
  11 (new MF)

Ref A.G.A. survey, 2006 data
4
Main Extensions

• Keyhole technology
• Excavation and restoration
• Trenchless technology, guided boring
• Use of new pipe materials
• Use of new construction processes
• District Regulators, Large Volume measurement

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Conventional Utility Cuts
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Keyhole Cut and Excavation
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Obstacle Detection During Horizontal Directional
Drilling (HDD) Operations

• Four methods have the potential to detect
  obstacles ahead of the drill head during HDD
  operations
• Acoustic-based
• Electomagnetic-based
• GPR-based
• Differential impedance-based
• Results to date
• Detection of 2 pipe at 1 to 2 feet ahead
• Detection of 2 pipe through concrete

8
Plastic Pipe New Materials

• Why the Gas Industry is Seeking New Plastic
  Materials
• No corrosion issues
• Resistance to high ambient temperatures
• Resistance to contaminated soils
• Resistance to scratching
• Resistance to crack growth
• Increase capacity by operating at higher
  pressures (100 psig - 200 psig)
• GTI is Currently Evaluating and Testing Several
  HP Plastic Materials

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Polyamide 11 (PA11)

• Commercially Available in 2 Diameter
• Current code limitation 100 psig
• Installed cost 20 less than steel
• Life cycle cost lower (no corrosion issues)
• Field Demonstrations
• Five field demonstrations of PA11 have been
  completed at various utilities around the country
• Waivers obtained
• Pressures varied from 90 psig to 200 psig
• Lengths varied from 500 feet to 1 mile
• Now looking at PA12

10
Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX)

• In Use in Europe (140 psig)
• Installed cost comparable to steel
• GTI Currently Testing
• Standard short-, and long-tests on samples with
  surface scratches ranging from 0 to 50 of wall
  thickness

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Service Lines

• Service connections
• Trenchless excavation

12
Interior Piping

• Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST)
• Quick Connect fittings

13
Venting

• Through-the-wall venting
• Venting using masonry chimneys
• Different vents for high-efficiency appliances
  (e.g., two-pipe system for fully condensing
  units)
• Multifamily unit venting is a challenge with
  space and water heating units often located under
  the stairs

14
Environmental Savings!

• Congress and policy makers should consider a
  holistic approach to reducing CO2 emissions and
  move away from the current practice of reviewing
  each energy sector independently when developing
  CO2emission reduction scenarios. By taking a
  holistic approach, a more reasonable and less
  costly means to a lower carbon future can be
  discovered.

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