Laura S. Cobus, MLIS, MPA

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• Laura S. Cobus, MLIS, MPA
• Yat Ping Wong, MLS

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What is plagiarism?

Main Entry plagiarizeFunction verbInflected
Form(s) -rized -rizingEtymology
plagiaryDate 1716transitive senses to steal
and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as
one's own use (another's production) without
crediting the sourceintransitive senses to
commit literary theft present as new and
original an idea or product derived from an
existing source
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First Question to Discuss

• What should you NOT commit plagiarism?

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Second Question to Discuss

• Why would a graduate student consider committing
  plagiarism?

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Understanding Plagiarism

• ENCOURAGES HONESTY
• Personal confidence
• Professional ethics
• Fairness to authors
• Desire to learn
• Fear or guilt
• Time pressure
• Cheating is dangerous
• Need Knowledge

• CONTRIBUTES TO PLAGIARISM
• Negative personal attitude
• Grade pressure
• Multiple task pressure
• Lack of awareness
• Lack of knowledge

Love, P., Simmons J. Factors influencing
cheating and plagiarism among graduate students
in a college of education. College Student
Journal. 1998 Dec. 32(4) 539-51.
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AVOIDING PLAGIARISM
What are some techniques that you can use to
avoid plagiarism?

• brainstorming for your own ideas
• taking notes
• being organized
• starting research early
• editing thoroughly
• citing properly

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CITING SOURCES
Why is citing important?

• Avoid plagiarism.
• Find sources that influenced your research.
• Use a uniform style to have less errors.
• Ensure proper credit is given to appropriate
  authors.
• Show the breadth and depth of your research.
• Demonstrate attention to professional quality
  research.

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CITATION STYLES

• AJPH AMA Style Citation
• http//www.ajph.org/misc/ama_references.shtml
• ICMJE International Community of Medical Journal
  Editors
• http//www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.ht
  ml
• (Recommended style for use with Endnote)
• CITING EXERCISE
• Journal Article
• Website

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JOURNAL ARTICLE AJPH STYLE

• EXAMPLE Use author's last name followed by
  initials without periods. For articles/books with
  7 or more authors, list only the first3 authors
  followed by "et al."

1. Findley SE, Irigoyen M, See D, et al.
Community-provider partnerships to reduce
immunizations disparities Field report from
northern Manhattan. Am J Public Health 2003 July
93(7)1041-1044.
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WEB PAGE AJPH STYLE

• EXAMPLE Always include the web address (URL) and
  date accessed.

2. Center for Disease and Control and Prevention.
CDC Natural Disasters. Available at
http//www.bt.cdc.gov/disasters/ Accessed
September 19, 2006.
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What is Endnote?

• A tool to export and format references directly
  from online databases into the citation style you
  need
• A tool to import your references into WORD for
  use in your papers
• Download at http//library.hunter.cuny.edu/endnot
  e.htm

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How to get started overview

• Create a library of references in Endnote
• Adding references in Endnote
• Adding references by exporting data from Medline
  into Endnote
• Importing references from Endnote into WORD

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1. Create a library of references

• Open up Endnote
• Select Create a new library
• Give a name to the library

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2. Adding references by typing

• Select References from toolbar
• Select New Reference
• Choose Reference Type
• Type in information for appropriate fields
• Select the style
• Go to File then select Close the reference

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3. Adding new references to Endnote library by
downloading from Medline

• Select the articles you want
• Add articles to Folder
• Open the folder and select Save
• Select Bibliographic Manager tab
• Select OCitations in direct export format
• Select the Endnote library you want references to
  be in

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4. Importing data from Endnote to WORD

• Open up WORD
• Select Tools
• Select Endnote
• Select one of following
• Insert selected citations
• Find Citations
• Go to Endnote

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Final Thoughts

• Questions?
• Sign attendance sheet.
• Complete one-minute paper.