Pierre BAUDOZ Paris Observatory

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Probing the Extrasolar Planet Diversity with SEE
COAST
ULg / CSL / LESIA / LUTH / LUAN / ETH-Zurich /
IAP / Obs. Geneva / U. Bern / UCL / ROE / U.
Hertfords. / MSSL / SRON / Astron / U. Utrecht /
LAOG / ONERA / DLR / U. Vienna / U. Nantes / U.
Torino / Astrium

• Pierre BAUDOZ (Paris Observatory)
• A. Boccaletti, D. Mawet, J. Schneider, G.
  Tinetti, R. Galicher, C. Cavarroc J. Hough, P.
  Doel, D. Pinfield, C.-U. Keller, J.-L. Beuzit,
  S. Udry, M. Ferrari, E. Martin, F. Ménard , E.
  Sein, SEE COAST Team

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Direct Imaging Programs Overview
Space-based
Opportunity for Space projects
SEE COAST Vis/NIR Old Jupiter Super Earth
In the Visible
mature giants Super-Earths
1995
2000
2011
2017-2020
2008
gt2025-30
Ground-based
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We already have targets !!!
From radial velocity surveys
From direct imaging
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More targets to come

• We can anticipate many RV planets at longer
  periods (giants and tellurics)
• A few accessible from SPHERE/GPI/HiCIAO (1. - 2.3
  mm) and JWST (2.5 - 28 mm)
• Motivation for exploring a different spectral
  range (in the visible)
• angular resolution AND contrast are required
• A small telescope in space can be optimized for
  exo-planetology
• "Super Earth" as a sweet spot brighter,
  earth-like notions apply (atmosphere, climate,
  variations, habitability, )
• What sort of astrophysics on these planets ?

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Explore the Diversity with SEE COAST

• Spectroscopy

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Explore the Diversity

• Spectroscopy
• Polarimetry

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Explore the Diversity

• Spectroscopy
• Polarimetry
• Variability

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Which targets ? (contrast IWA requirements)
short wavelengths are optimal
10-10 contrast required
longer wavelengths require small IWA coronagraph
(2l/D)

• near IR (1 - 1.2 mm)
• self luminous planets
• T gt 800K

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A proposal to Cosmic Vision

• Submitted in 2007 to ESA Cosmic Vision

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Coronagraphy Multi 4QPM
N phase masks in series gt Improves bandwidth as
N
FQPM 3
FQPM 2
FQPM 1
Telescope
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Wavefront correction Coherence
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Summary

• SEE COAST requires
• High contrast 10-10 AND small IWA 2
  l/D
• SEE COAST can get
• low res spectra of mature giants lt 20pc (lt 8 - 10
  AU)
• colors of a few mature Super Earths lt 10pc (lt 4 -
  5 AU)
• possibly Earths around the nearest star (a Cen)
• low res spectra of self luminous planets
  (extension to near IR)
• SEE COAST is
• Compatible with general astrophysics (pushing to
  UV, wide field ?)
• Compatible with transit spectroscopy
• additional targets (unresolved planets)
  complements IR transit characterization programs
• Next steps in the project
• refine some science cases and simulations
  (statistical analysis)
• elaborate optical design with industrial partners
  (Astrium) derive tolerances
• technological developments in coronagraphy and
  wavefront control
• get prepared for next COSMIC VISION proposal
  (2010)