Challenge Kickoff Gait and Knee Simulators

1
Challenge Kick-off Gait and Knee Simulators

• Gene Eckstein
• 11-21-03
• MECH 1307 BIOM 1710

2
http//www.ub.rug.nl/eldoc/dis/medicine/s.f.donker
/thesis.pdf
3
http//www.vanth.org/docs/BMES_001.pdf
Paper by G. Birol, A.F. McKenna, H.D. Smith, T.D.
Giorgio, S.P. Brophy
4
Challenge

• Congratulations! You qualified for a final
  interview for an internship at Mechanical Joint
  Testers, Inc. You want to show your knowledge of
  gait and knee simulators, including your hope to
  contribute to their key product the
  patient-pertinent gait-based Mech-Knee Simulator.
  You can expect to work in a two minute
  presentation that shows your joint-related
  knowledge. An inside source tells you that
  knee simulators are mechanical devices that test
  implantable prostheses for component wear and
  other performance-based measures. MJTI wants to
  mimic the walking patterns of real people more
  completely. Planned summer effort will focus on
  estimating and quantifying walking rates.
  Measurements of people taking long walks around
  an exercise track have been done to define their
  gaits.

5
Knee Simulator A

• http//www.endolab.de/Simulatoren/kniesimulator_e.
  htm

6
Knee Machine B

• http//www.amtiweb.com/images/Knee_Ful.JPG

7
Knee Machine C

• http//www.enduratec.com/product.cfm/pid/27

8
Kinematic Knee Simulator D

• http//www.mts.com/menusystem.asp?DataSource0No
  deID375

9
Generating ideas As teams

• What are major factors for wear?
• What do you know about walking?
• How does the knee affect walking?
• How does patient condition affect walking?
• What knowledge will the engineers have that is
  useful? Where did it come from?
• What can we measure to determine frequency of
  loading?

10
Muscle Coordination in Locomotion
11
Contributing Muscles
12
body cog accelerates upward
knee bends
weight shift
heel strike
toe off
plantar flexion
0
13
Gait Dynamic Forces - Knee
14
Gait Dynamic Forces - Hip Joint Reaction
15
Gait Dynamic Forces - Hip Joint Reaction
16
Gait A Statistical Study

• http//www.stat.ohio-state.edu/tjs/BOOTSTRAP/boot
  strap.pdf

17
http//hebb.mit.edu/motorcontrol/papers/Grasso98.p
df
18
Useful engineering knowledge

• Course-based
• Statics and dynamics
• Physics for engineers
• Calculus (several courses)
• Differential equations
• Engineering computation
• Engineering measurements
• Physiology / biology / muscle mechanics
• Standard sources ASTM, Journals, Past
  measurements

Key elements Open attitude, willingness to work,
curiosity, persistence
19
Tasks Deliverables

• Use the standard format for written reports to
• State the goal in your words and list resources.
• Analyze Excel file data to extract some
  measurement of walking rate. (No unique answer is
  expected!)
• Plot a graphical representation of the your
  analyzed data. Define all units and dimensions.
• Explain what the graphical representation tells
  you about walking rate. Explain how the Knee
  Simulator might include walking rate as variable.
• Prepare a 2-minute oral presentation for class.
• Make assessments
• Identify at least two different types of
  graphical representations for the gait data and
  which type of graph best describes the walking
  rate.
• Identify three concepts during this exercise in
  which working in a team was helpful to you.
• Critique to cycle again
• Identify three ways in which you have a better
  understanding of how engineers quantify real
  world events for product improvement.
• What was difficult (or easy about this exercis?
• How would you improve it.

20
Group anew

• Each new group begins with the members past
  groups
• Choose an action plan for next class (T)
• Plan to practice your verbal responses at the
  next class
• Elements of a two-minute presentation
• Ask what parts of the class material to date will
  help you with the deliverables.
• Discuss sources (reference library, journals,
  web)