Proposed Extention of PID with Aerogel

1
Proposed Extention of PID with Aerogel
Note Aerogel together with TOF can extend the
PID capability upto 10 GeV/c (Without TOF, no
K-proton separation at lt 5 GeV/c)
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Good/successful Example of Aerogel

• KEK-B Belle Exp.
• Low n 1.01 - 1.03
• 960 modules at Barrel, 228 at Endcap.
• Each module 12 x 12 x 12 cm3 with 2 FM-PMT
• Hydrophobic !
• Stability of performance
• 10 - 20 p.e. for many years

Journal of Non-Crys.225(1998)369
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PHENIX Example of Aerogel
azimuthal angle
vertex
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Proposed Extention of PID with Aerogel
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Implication of the index of reflection
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Aerogel detector for CBM experiment
Aerogel subsystem

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Charged particle multiplicities and hit
densities
Local hit density on the various tracking
planes as a function of the radial distance from
the beam axis for AuAu at 25 GeV/u.

Charged particle multiplicity for central AuAu
collisions at 25 GeV/u as function of the
laboratory polar angle. Result of a simulation
using the URQMD transport code .
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Segmentation of Aerogel
Emission angle, charged particle density,
detector surface, pad size and number of cells
per aerogel layer. The numbers refer to a central
AuAu collision at 25 GeV/u and an occupancy
below 5.
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Two Design Concepts
Mirror Type
Belle Type

• KEK-BELLE Type
• Collect scattered photons
• Non-directional lights
• Area of photocathode/cell size
• 2 PMT per cell
• more expensive

• Mirror Type
• Collect direct photons
• Directional lights
• Efficient way to get light!?
• Sophisticated mirror design
• Easy to get larger cell size
• 1 PMT per Cell

http//utkhii.px.tsukuba.ac.jp/highpt/
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Belle Type (2) Position Dep.
Goretex
x

• With Goretex, gt25 p.e. obtained everywhere.
• In each PMT, exponential behaviour is observed

http//utkhii.px.tsukuba.ac.jp/highpt/
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Belle Type (4) Thickness Dep.

• Photons proportional to the thickness of the
  aerogel.
• Consistent with
• Angular dependence
• No directionality

http//utkhii.px.tsukuba.ac.jp/highpt/
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Mirror Type (3) Thickness Dep.
L
R6233 (3,non-UV)
n 1.017
Mirror Type
3 GeV/c pions

• Saturate!
• Difficult to get more p.e.
• Due to short transmittance

http//utkhii.px.tsukuba.ac.jp/highpt/
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Integration Sphere Type

• Intended for Performance of Belle type and
  Flexibility of the Mirror type.
• Empty box, integration sphere, behind the
  Aerogel.

2 GeV/c
http//utkhii.px.tsukuba.ac.jp/highpt/
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Integration Sphere Type Results

• As many as 20 p.e. at the center.
• Less position dep. than Belle type.

2 GeV/c
2 GeV/c
http//utkhii.px.tsukuba.ac.jp/highpt/
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Summary of Aerogel RD

• RD Items
• Evaluate Prototypes
• Belle Type, Mirror Type, Integration Sphere Type
• Evaluate Reflectors
• Goretex, tyvek, etc
• Evaluate PMTs
• Hamamatsu, Russian
• Evaluate Aerogels
• Matsushita, Novosibirsk

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Aerogel Signal for protons and pions
2 GeV/c
n1.018
Pions
Deuteron
Proton
Protons
K
Pion

• Clear separation of protons and pions observed.

PID by TOF successful
http//utkhii.px.tsukuba.ac.jp/highpt/
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Proposed Extention of PID with Aerogel
Note Aerogel together with TOF can extend the
PID capability upto 10 GeV/c (Without TOF, no
K-proton separation at lt 5 GeV/c)
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RUN 24 (Dec. 2002)
Polarlzatlon
Internal target setup for experiments at
NUCLOTRON
MV-2
He-LiqueFier KCU-1600
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The NUCLOTRON beams      
The Nuclotron Beams
  ) first test in 1994
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LHE Accelerator Facility
Beam lines layout in experimental hall 205
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Nuclotron

• RUN 22 (632 hours)

• INTENSITY OF THE EXTERNAL BEAM OF MAGNESIUM
  IONS WAS INCREASED UP TO ?108

• RUN 23 (704 hours)

• IONS OF ARGON WERE ACCELERATED FOR THE FIRST TIME
  WITH THE INTENSITY OF 1.4106 AND ???1 GeV/u.
• DURATION OF EXTACTED BEAM WAS INCREASED UP TO
  1.9 s.

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New Result Beam Spill - 5 s
(March 2003)
ACCELERATOR CYCLE - 8 s BEAM DUTY FACTOR -
0.61
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The main parameters of the spectrometer are-
acceptance 50 - 80 mstr? - momentum
resolution ?P/P0.5 - angles of particle
detection 200-900- momentum range 0.3 - 2.0
GeV/c .