Cassandra A. Smith

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Cassandra A. Smith

• Makah Potato Genomics Workshop
• June 22-July 2, 2003
• USDA/ARS National Science Foundation

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Ozette Potato Research Crew

• Daniel Andrade
• Dr. Charles Brown
• Dr. David Culley
• Neuee V. Ward
• Tia Beavert
• Hazel R. Denney
• Cassandra Smith

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One of the reasons behind learning and
researching topics such as nematodes and DNA
configuration is to cross-breed and create
potatoes that are resistant to disease and at the
same time have a high nutritional value.
This main reasons we are researching the Ozette
potato, because it is already resistant to many
diseases and it was found to be rich and
antioxidants.
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Another main reason we are researching the Ozette
potato is to find out where it may have derived
from.
1570
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Preparation For DNA Extraction

• Day One

We take notes to better understand the concept of
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and
Electroehoresis and what role they play in
genetics.
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Configuring DNA Models

• Hazel and I are constructing DNA models to
  gain a better perspective using a hands-on
  approach.

Daniel also gives a demonstration on how a double
helix is configured.
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We also got to see first hand the various types
of potatoes.
Certain types of potatoes contain certain
amounts of antioxidants.
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The pigment of the potato flesh can help
determine its nutrition value.
This is variation in pigmentation from one seed
envelope of Solanum phureja from Sturgeon Bay,
Wisconsin.
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DNA Extraction Using Micropipettes
Day Two
Daniel and Tia are working together to prepare
the micro-pipettes to add the buffer.
We begin the extraction process by freezing the
potato leaves in microcentrifuge tubes with
liquid nitrogen and then grinding them up within
the tubes using Kontes pestles.
Protocol
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?
Dr. Brown instructs us as we prepare to spin the
samples.
Our supervisor Neuee also gets in on the action.
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Nematode Presentation Presented by Hassan
Mojtahedi
Day Three
Dr. Mojahedi carefully explains the wrath of the
dreaded nematode and how it can take its toll on
your crop, especially potatoes.
Dr. Brown give us a review.
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Seen here is the Tobacco Rattle virus. It was
first observed in tobacco plants and later seen
in other crops.
Below are infected potato roots.
S. hongasii
Russet Burbank
S. bulboscastanum
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A
B
C
D
Figure 3. Development of invading M. chitwoodi in
root. A. Solanum tuberosum (susceptible), B.
Solanum fendleri. C. Solanum hougasii. D.
Solanum bulbocastanum all at 25 days post-
inoculation. 60x
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Above you can see Corky ring spot damage and to
the right is Norchip damage.
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Corky ringspot scoring from Pasco and Umatilla
fields, 1999
Norkotah Russet
Russet Burbank
Norkotah Russet, Pasco 99
PA95A11-14, Pasco 99
PA95A11-14, Umatilla 99
PA95A11-14, Pasco 99
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Learning How to Prepare Gels
Day Four
We have to prepare and load gels manually and
this can be very time consuming for a beginner.
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Our DNA Gel Results
Day Five
After rinsing the gel with purified water, acedic
acid, and silver nitrate, we begin to see results.
As it turns out the DNA was good, but quite a few
things went wrong and we and we had to start over.
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Starting Over
Day Six
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It was a long and drawn out process but we
managed to fit an entire weeks worth of work into
a single weekend.
Day Seven
Hazel and I are shown separating DNA for size.
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We let the gel set overnight and the next morning
we rinsed the gels and got amazing results.
Day Eight
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Presentation by Dr. George Vandemark
Day Nine
Dr. Vandemark explained how a template of DNA
could duplicate itself and he also explained how
important it is to understand this concept when
dealing with disease control.
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He also gives us a brief review on PCR.
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Objectives
Over the past several days, our research crew
has learned new techniques and acquired enough
knowledge to format this power point
presentation. We have worked hard in the lab and
in our spare time we were on the computers
preparing our own personal presentations. And
without further ado I present to you a brief
collection of us working together on various
projects.
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On behalf of our research crew Id like to give
mad props to the following Dr. Charles Brown,
Kay Brown, Dr. Dave Tidal wave Culley, Daniel
Andrade, Tia Beavert and Neuee V. Ward.
Thank You!