Deighton User Group Conference Bowmanville, 1014 July, 2000

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Deighton User Group Conference Bowmanville,
10-14 July, 2000

• New Zealand National Implementation of dTIMS
• Our Approach and Experiences

Gordon Hart Maintenance Engineer Transit New
Zealand, NAPIER
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Coverage

• Background
• Integrated Business Systems
• Project Objectives
• Project Development
• Project Management
• Implementation
• Project Deliverables
• Where we are up to
• Some things we have learned
• Some things we need

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Background
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New Zealand ?

• All of the graphic files
• removed to make the
• presentation small enough
• to email

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Unique Asset Management Challenges
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New Zealand Roading Assets
The public road network in New Zealand would wrap
around the world 2 ¼ times
We are dealing with a substantial network
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An issue of scale
Many roads Small population Leads to Thinly
distributed income
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New Zealand is

• Geologically VERY young
• Many difficult soils
• Geologically VERY variable
• Many different subgrade conditions
• Many different construction materials
• Environmentally variable
• Many different climatic zones

A modelling nightmare
challenge
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New Zealand Roads

• Lightweight, low strength pavements
• Lightly trafficked
• Crushed rock chip sealed pavements that are very
  sensitive to moisture content
• Timely and regular maintenance is required to
  avoid the need for disproportionate future
  expenditure

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Roading Administration in New Zealand
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State Highway Management Structure
One of 74 RCAs
Responsible for road funding
Responsible for management of State Highways
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RCA Development Cooperative
Asset Management Systems and best practice

• State Highways
• Transit New Zealand

• RIMS Group
• Roading Information Management Systems Best
  Practice Group

• Local Roads
• 74 Road Controlling Authorities

Appointed Representatives
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Delivery (Acquisition)

• Traditional

• PSMC

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Some ingrained NZ Asset Management Principles
(that we have had to comply with)
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Economic Imperatives

• Economics rules
• Economics rules
• Economics rules

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Investment Criteria

• Benefit-Cost Ratio
• Differential in user costs
• Divided by
• Differential in capital costs
• Offset by maintenance cost differential

• Net Present Value
• Not targeting user benefits
• BUT
• Agency costs would be reduced by the application
  of investment

More than 70 of the national State Highway
programme is subject to some form of benefit cost
analysis
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Competing Initiatives

• Service Level
• Maximise condition
• Minimise user costs

• Cost Effective Life Cycle
• Minimise agency costs
• Minimising the total ownership costs accrued over
  the life of the asset

We were lucky! Ideally suited to TTC analysis
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Routine Maintenance

• Do nothing is NEVER an option
• In international terms, New Zealand employs a
  very high standard of routine maintenance
  intervention
• If it breaks, we fix it
• Deterioration is disguised
• Do minimum is the least cost option required to
  maintain the service level

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Treatments, Triggers and Resets
Decay in Condition (DETERIORATION)
EXCELLENT
Condition Improvement (RESET)
ASSET CONDITION
Minimum Acceptable Standard (TRIGGER)
Treatment Applied
POOR
TIME
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Maintenance Cost Management
AWT/Routine Maintenance ECONOMIC BREAK POINT
COST DEVELOPMENT CURVE
THESE COSTSAREAVOIDED
per KILOMETRE
HOLDING MIS APPLIED
OPTIMAL INTERVENTION POINT
TIME
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ExistingInventory(about 12 years old)
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Existing Inventory - RAMM

• Assets
• Pavement Structure
• Surfacings
• Shoulders SWC
• Signs
• Culverts
• Minor Structures
• Markings
• Railings
• Traffic Facilities
• Features

• Condition
• Roughness
• Rutting
• Shoving
• Texture
• Scabbing
• Cracking
• Skid
• (Deflection)

• Demand
• Traffic
• Loading
• (Environmental)

• Work
• Rehabilitation
• Maintenance Work

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Models and KPIs

• Complex Indices
• Surface Integrity Index
• Maintenance Cost Index

• Models
• Roughness
• Rutting
• Texture
• Cracking
• Potholes
• Ravelling

• Performance Indices
• Remaining Seal Life
• Remaining Service Life
• (These are utilised principally to control asset
  consumption in PSMC situations.)

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Location Reference

• Longitudinal SH - RS - Displacement
• e.g. 2 / 244 / 1.45

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Treatment Length

• The unit at which work will be executed
  (intervention applied)

• A uniformly performing section of pavement that
  is performing differently to the sections either
  side

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Integrated Business Systems
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Business Practice Model
Asset Management Plan
Fund Allocation Model
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Computer tools are only one input
Inventory and Condition Data
Optimised Work Programme
We are not trying to replace expert knowledge
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Project Objectives
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Principal Objectives

• Single nationally controlled model
• Fully integrated into accepted asset management
  systems
• Co operative development (pool of resources)
• Upskill the entire industry (Client, Consultant
  and Contractor)
• Transfer ownership
• Sustainable

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Development Principles

• Coordinated
• principal consultant with key technical
  responsibility
• Pragmatic
• Progress not perfection
• Simplicity
• Keep it simple
• Sophistication only when timely
• Depth of the ocean not height of the waves

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Project Development
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Developed in 3 phases

• Phase I
• Preliminary System
• First cut setup
• Limited calibration
• Sort data issues
• Training
• Motivation
• Custom software
• Pavement strength issues
• Launch for familiarisation
• Extensive documentation

• Phase II
• Refinement
• Refined setup
• Refined models
• More calibration
• Training
• Documentation perfection
• Research needs assessment
• Support (help desk)

• Phase III
• Further refinement
• Capture HDM 4
• Ongoing support
• Further calibration
• Model control and audit procedures
• Research support

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Success Factors

• Experienced team - drew on appropriate
  international expertise
• Drove pragmatism very hard
• Maintained simplicity
• e.g. treatment strategies

• Dr. Christopher R. Bennett.
• Mr. Theuns Henning
• Dr. Nabin Pradhan

• Dr Gustav Rhode
• Mr. Mike Riley
• Mr. Doug Wilson

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Development Expectation
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Project Management
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Functional Relationships
RIMS Group Project Owner
Transfund Policy
Deighton Ass Software
HTC Ltd Implementation
RCAs Users
Contractual
License
Sales
Functional
Support
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Implementation
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Software Setup
Issue We trigger all treatments on need not
strategy THEN we optimise the strategies (there
are no predefined strategies)
Performance Analysis Period
Trigger anything to satisfy standard
Performance Analysis
Economic Analysis Period
Performance Analysis Period
Economic Performance Analysis
Every treatment on every treatment length is
triggered every year
Generate only what is needed to achieve standard
?1999 RIMS
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Typical run times

• Years 1 to 10 every treatment in every year
• Years 11 to 20 performance based
• 700km
• 1709 sections
• generating 36 strategies per section
• about 10 functions and resets
• 4.5 hours to generate
• 20 minutes to optimise
• pentuim III 550mhz 128mb RAMM

We find this quite acceptable
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Implementation Model
Asset Inventory (RAMM)
Ad Hoc Data (Specialised)
RIMS Standard Setup
Standardised Outputs
Strength Programme (Assign SN)
Interface Programme (Data Conversion)
Reporter Programme
Calibration Standards
dt2699 File
Locally Calibrated Setup
dTIMS Performance Economic Analysis
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Intellectual

• Sustainable training programme
• Asset Management
• Software
• Setup
• Data issues
• Three tiered
• Management - Understanding
• Technician - Operation
• Expert - Calibration
• Extensively documented

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Data

• Conversion of existing condition data
• Long term move to more appropriate data
• e.g. Rutting data (length -gt depth)
• Provision of flow charts to assess missing data
• Focussed initially on key sensitivities

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Strength Determination

• Horses for courses
• In increasing degrees of sophistication
• Typical Pavement Design Method
• ARRB Method
• Benkleman Beam Method
• CBR Layer Method
• FWD without Layer Thickness Method
• FWD with Layer Thickness Method
• Software developed to ease the pain

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Converting Data
Other Data
Strength Programme
Interface programme
RAMM
dT2699
Database
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Project Deliverables
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You dont have to be a rocket scientist
1.
We want the tools used as a matter of course by
the every day practitioner !
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Industry Awareness

• Develop life cycle asset management expertise
• Application of the principles as a matter of
  course by the average practitioner

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Software
Interface Software
dTIMS
Strength Programme
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Calibrated Setup

• Initially pragmatic
• Ongoing refinement and calibration
• Meeting set requirements
• NZ economic approach
• International state of the art
• flexible (it can grow with us)
• etc

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Documentation

• dTIMS manual
• Three volume domestic manuals
• Technical Reference Manual
• How it all works
• Software users guide
• For the NZ software
• Using the system and tutorials
• dTIMS idiots guide
• Worked examples

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Training Package

• Sustainable
• Develop programme
• Develop delivery capability
• Delivery
• Covers
• Pavement management principles
• dTIMS

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Research Coordination

• Identify needs
• Vet proposals
• Assist with steering projects
• Support academic researchers

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Where are we up to
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Status

• Most RCAs have brought in
• Phase I delivered June 1999
• Phase II rolling out now
• Phase III commissioned
• Awareness achieved (extensive training)
• Enthusiasm abounds
• Setup and models proving reasonable

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Issues

• A lot of calibration yet to pass
• Data deficiencies yet to be corrected
• Some knowledge yet to be gained
• We need more days in the year

We are not there yet
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Some things we've learned
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(Key success factors)
Retain Reality

• Recognise the limitations
• Set realistic goals/expectations
• Progress not perfection (pragmatism)
• Keep it simple
• Success if RESURFACING predicted in Y10
• Its only a tool not an answer

Remember - Our profession is more artistic than
scientific
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Calibration
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Integration

• Providing an integrated solution is essential
• MUST ensure that data conversion and assignment
  of defaults is simplified

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Some things we need !
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Priority Enhancement Needs

• Type A
• Option to define which is the base strategy
• Exclude maintenance only strategy
• Optimisation based on IBC and NPV
• Type B
• Exogenous benefits for treatment types
• Budget categories for treatments or road sections

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Option to define the base strategy

• Do nothing is not an option in N.Z.
• Routine maintenance will always be executed
• Does not affect the analysis BUT makes reporting
  cumbersome
• Using post processing software at present (MESSY)

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Exclude Maintenance only strategy

• Do Nothing and Maintenance and Periodic are the
  defaults
• MP is often more than required (low use roads)
• Because it is automatically selected on the
  efficiency frontier it disguises treatments that
  may be more economic

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Optimisation based on IBC and NPV

• We cannot currently optimise on NPV
• A network could contain both conditions
• treatment justified by user benefits (IBC)
• Intervention would optimise agency costs (NPV)
• Requirement - if IBC lt limit, check for minimum
  cost strategy (present value of agency costs)

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Exogenous benefits for treatment types

• Similar to delay cost option
• Need to be able to weight treatments based on
  benefits not calculated by dTIMS e.g.
• Traffic safety
• Environmental impacts

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Budget categories defined for treatments or road
sections

• Currently different parts of a network with
  different budget constraints must be treated in
  separate optimisation runs
• For example, the urban and rural sections
  separately budgeted
• Need to be able to define budgets for parts of
  network as well as treatments

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Thank You
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